Computational linguistics

Here are entered works on the applications of computers in processing and analyzing language. Works on the computer processing of natural language for the purpose of enabling humans to interact with computers in natural language are entered under Natural language processing (Computer science).

See also what's at Wikipedia, your library, or elsewhere.

• Applied linguistics
• Language and languages
• Linguistics

• Mathematical linguistics

• Computational linguistics -- Congresses
• Computational linguistics -- Methodology
• Computational linguistics -- Periodicals
• Lexicography -- Data processing
• Machine translating
• Parsing (Computer grammar)
• Speech processing systems

• Automatic language processing
• Language and languages -- Data processing
• Language data processing
• Linguistics -- Data processing
• Natural language processing (Linguistics)

• Ambiguity Resolution in Language Learning: Computational and Cognitive Models, by Hinrich Schütze (PDF at Stanford)
• Attribute-Value Logic and the Theory of Grammar, by Mark Johnson (PDF at Stanford)
• Beyond Grammar: An Experience-Based Theory of Language, by Rens Bod (PDF at Stanford)
• Computational Linguistics: Models, Resources, Applications (c2004), by Igor A. Bolshakov and Alexander Gelbukh (PDF and illustrated HTML with commentary at gelbukh.com)
• Computational Models of American Speech, by Mary Margaret Withgott and Francine R. Chen (PDF at Stanford)
• Computing Natural Language, ed. by Atocha Aliseda, Rob J. Van Glabbeek, and Dag Westerståhl (PDF at Stanford)
• Feature Logics, Infinitary Descriptions, and Grammar, by Bill Keller (PDF at Stanford)
• Prolog and Natural Language Analysis (digital edition, 2002), by Fernando C. N. Pereira and Stuart M. Shieber (PDF with commentary at mtome.com)
• Strategic Research Agenda for Multilingual Europe 2020 (presented by META-NET; c2013), ed. by Georg Rehm and Hans Uszkoreit (PDF files with commentary at springer.com)

• Linguistic Databases, ed. by John A. Nerbonne (PDF at Stanford)

• Developing Linguistic Corpora: A Guide to Good Practice (2005), ed. by Martin Wynne (HTML in the UK)

• Computational Linguistics (free online volumes from 2000 onward) (partial serial archives)

• Five Papers on WordNet (revised 1993), ed. by George A. Miller (PDF at Princeton)
• Making Dictionaries: A Guide to Lexicography and the Multi-Dictionary Formatter (2000 edition, with online updates), by David F. Coward and Charles E. Grimes (PDF with commentary at sil.org)

• Verbmobil: A Translation System for Face-to-Face Dialog, by Martin Kay, Jean Mark Gawron, and Peter Norvig (PDF at Stanford)

• Parsing Techniques: A Practical Guide (1990), by Dick Grune and Ceriel J. H. Jacobs (PDF and Postscript in the Netherlands)

• The Dragon NaturallySpeaking Guide: Speech Recognition Made Fast and Simple (second edition, 2000), by Dan Newman (PDF files at sayican.com)

• The Dragon NaturallySpeaking Guide: Speech Recognition Made Fast and Simple (second edition, 2000), by Dan Newman (PDF files at sayican.com)
• Verbmobil: A Translation System for Face-to-Face Dialog, by Martin Kay, Jean Mark Gawron, and Peter Norvig (PDF at Stanford)
• Voice Communication Between Humans and Machines, ed. by David B. Roe and Jay G. Wilpon (page images at NAP)

• The Hacker Crackdown: Law and Disorder on the Electronic Frontier, by Bruce Sterling
  • HTML at chriswaltrip.com
  • Gutenberg text

• Study for Alameda County 911 (ca. 1974), by Scott W. Hovey
  • page images at HathiTrust
  • another edition, without appendix; PDF at ncjrs.gov

• Funding and Implementing Universal Access: Innovation and Experience from Uganda (c2005), by Uganda Communications Commission (PDF with commentary at Fountain Publishers)

• The History of the Telephone, by Herbert Newton Casson
  • illustrated HTML at Virginia
  • Gutenberg text

• Ted and the Telephone (Boston: Little, Brown, and Co., 1922), by Sara Ware Bassett, illust. by William F. Stecher (Gutenberg text, illustrated HTML, and page images)

• Tom Swift and His Photo Telephone: or, The Picture That Saved a Fortune, by Victor Appleton
  • Gutenberg text
  • page images at durendal.org

• Government Telephones: The Experience of Manitoba, Canada (c1916), by James Mavor (PDF at McMaster)

• REA Loans and Loan Guarantees for Rural Electric and Telephone Service (1983), by United States Rural Electrification Administration (page images at HathiTrust)

Items below (if any) are from related and broader terms.

• Faces of Science (Philadelphia: ISI Press, c1981), by V. V. Nalimov, ed. by Robert Garland Colodny, illust. by Mikhail Zlatkovsky (linked PDF files here at Penn)

• Beyond Grammar: An Experience-Based Theory of Language, by Rens Bod (PDF at Stanford)

• Explorations in Applied Linguistics (2 volumes, 1979-1984) (PDF files at OUP)

• The Causes and Cure of Armaments and War (London: P. S. King and Co., 1914), by Albert William Alderson (multiple formats at archive.org)
• Die Haupttypen des Sprachbaus (in German; Leipzig: B. G. Teubner, 1910), by Franz Nikolaus Finck (page images at HathiTrust)
• The English Language: From Sound to Sense (c2010), by Gerald Patrick Delahunty and James J. Garvey (PDF files with commentary at Colorado State)
• Ethnologue (electronic edition; based on the 14th edition), ed. by Barbara F. Grimes (searchable HTML at ethnologue.com)
• In the Labyrinths of Language: A Mathematician's Journey (Philadelphia: ISI Press, c1981), by V. V. Nalimov, ed. by Robert Garland Colodny (linked PDF files here at Penn)
• An Introduction to the Study of Language (London: G. Bell and Sons; New York: H. Holt and Co., 1914), by Leonard Bloomfield (page images at Google; US access only)
• Language: An Introduction to the Study of Speech (New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1921), by Edward Sapir (HTML at Bartleby)
• The Leaning Tower of Babel and Other Affronts from the Underground Grammarian, by Richard Mitchell (HTML at sourcetext.com)
• Less Than Words Can Say, by Richard Mitchell
  • HTML at sourcetext.com
  • multiple formats in Australia
• Marxism and Problems of Linguistics, by Joseph Stalin (HTML at marxists.org)
• Original Letters and Papers of the Late Viscount Strangford Upon Philological and Kindred Subjects (London: Trubner, 1878), by Percy Ellen Frederick William Symthe Strangford, ed. by Emily Anne Beaufort Smythe Strangford (multiple formats at archive.org)
• Primitive Culture: Researches into the Development of Mythology, Philosophy, Religion, Language, Art, and Custom (2 volumes; London: John Murray, 1920), by Edward B. Tylor
  • Volume I: multiple formats at archive.org
  • Volume II: multiple formats at archive.org
• The Psycho-Biology of Language: An Introduction to Dynamic Philology (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1935), by George Kingsley Zipf (page images at HathiTrust)
• Researches into the Early History of Mankind and the Development of Civilization (Boston: Estes and Lauriat, 1878), by Edward B. Tylor (multiple formats at archive.org)
• Three Keys to Language (New York: Rinehart and Co., c1952), by Robert M. Estrich and Hans Sperber (page images at HathiTrust)

• Language Testing Reconsidered (c2007), ed. by Janna D. Fox, Marjorie Bingham Wesche, Doreen Bayliss, Liying Cheng, Carolyn E. Turner, and Christine Doe (PDF with commentary at Ottawa)

• A Book of the Beginnings (electronic edition, 2007), by Gerald Massey, ed. by Jon Lange (HTML at masseiana.org)

• Language Testing Reconsidered (c2007), ed. by Janna D. Fox, Marjorie Bingham Wesche, Doreen Bayliss, Liying Cheng, Carolyn E. Turner, and Christine Doe (PDF with commentary at Ottawa)

• English Next: Why Global English May Mean the End of "English as a Foreign Language" (c2006), by David Graddol (PDF with commentary at britishcouncil.org)

• The World Atlas of Language Structures (free online edition), ed. by Martin Haspelmath, Matthew S. Dryer, David Gil, and Bernard Comrie (Javascript-dependent illustrated HTML at wals.info)

More items available under broader and related terms at left.