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Reasoning -- Early works to 1800

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• Reasoning
• Early works to 1800

• Induction (Logic) -- Early works to 1800

• Parmenides, by Plato, trans. by Benjamin Jowett (Gutenberg text)

• The Physical and Metaphysical Works of Lord Bacon, Including His Dignity and Advancement of Learning, in Nine Books, and His Novum Organum, or, Precepts for the Interpretation of Nature (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1853), by Francis Bacon, ed. by Joseph Devey (multiple formats at archive.org)

Items below (if any) are from related and broader terms.

• An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments (prepublication version, 2013), by Ali Almossawi, illust. by Alejandro Giraldo (illustrated HTML at bookofbadarguments.com)
• A Fortiori Logic: Innovations, History and Assessments (first edition; Geneva: The author, 2013), by Avi Sion (HTML at thelogician.net)
• How to Think Straight (Totowa, NJ: Littlefield, Adams and Co., 1975), by James D. Weinland (page images at HathiTrust)
• The Place of Reason in Education (Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 1967), by Bertram Bandman (PDF at Ohio State)
• Future Logic: Categorical and Conditional Deduction and Induction of the Natural, Temporal, Extensional, and Logical Modalities. (1996), by Avi Sion (frame-dependent HTML at thelogician.net)
• Plato's Euthydemus: Analysis of What Is and Is Not Philosophy (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992), by Thomas H. Chance (HTML at UC Press)
• An Experiment in the Development of Critical Thinking (Teachers College, Columbia University Contributions to Education #843; 1941), by Edward M. Glaser (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• The Technique of Controversy: Principles of Dynamic Logic (New York: Harcourt, Brace, and Co., 1928), by Boris B. Bogoslovsky (page images at HathiTrust)
• The Art of Logical Thinking: or, The Laws of Reasoning (Chicago: The Progress Company, 1909), by William Walker Atkinson
  • multiple formats at archive.org
  • page images at HathiTrust
  • multiple formats at Google; US access only
  • Gutenberg text
• Of the Conduct of the Understanding, by John Locke (HTML with commentary at Wayback Machine)
• The Limits of Mathematics, by Gregory J. Chaitin (illustrated HTML at Maine)

• Quantitative Reasoning for College Graduates: A Complement to the Standards (c1998), ed. by Linda Sons (HTML at maa.org)
• Thinking and Writing in College: A Naturalistic Study of Students in Four Disciplines (c1990), by Barbara E. Fassler Walvoord and Lucille Parkinson McCarthy, contrib. by Virginia Johnson Anderson, John R. Breihan, Susan Robison, and A. Kimbrough Sherman (PDF files with commentary at colostate.edu)

• Kant, Ontology, and the A Priori (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, c1968), by Moltke S. Gram (PDF with commentary at Northwestern)

• The Being of Analogy (London: Open Humanities Press, 2016), by Noah Roderick (PDF with commentary at Open Humanities Press)

• An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments (prepublication version, 2013), by Ali Almossawi, illust. by Alejandro Giraldo (illustrated HTML at bookofbadarguments.com)

• The Art of Insight in Science and Engineering: Mastering Complexity (Cambridge, MA and London: MIT Press, c2014), by Sanjoy Mahajan (PDF with commentary at MIT Press)
• Street-Fighting Mathematics: The Art of Educated Guessing and Opportunistic Problem Solving (Cambridge, MA and London: MIT Press, c2010), by Sanjoy Mahajan (PDF with commentary at MIT Press)

• Future Logic: Categorical and Conditional Deduction and Induction of the Natural, Temporal, Extensional, and Logical Modalities. (1996), by Avi Sion (frame-dependent HTML at thelogician.net)
• The New Organon, and Related Writings (Indianapolis and New York: Library of Liberal Arts, pub. by Bobbs-Merrill Co., c1960), by Francis Bacon, ed. by F. H. Anderson (page images at HathiTrust)
• Inference, Explanation, and Other Frustrations: Essays in the Philosophy of Science (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992), ed. by John Earman (HTML at UC Press)

• Elements of Causal Inference: Foundations and Learning Algorithms (Cambridge, MA and London: MIT Press, c2017), by Jonas Peters, Dominik Janzing, and Bernhard Schölkopf (PDF with commentary at MIT Press)
• Inference, Explanation, and Other Frustrations: Essays in the Philosophy of Science (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992), ed. by John Earman (HTML at UC Press)
• The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference, and Prediction (second edition, 2009), by Trevor Hastie, Robert Tibshirani, and J. H. Friedman (PDF with commentary at Stanford)

• Der Hermeneutische Syllogismus in der Talmudischen Litteratur: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Logik im Morgenlande (in German; Karlsruhe: J. Bielefeld, 1901), by Adolf Schwarz
  • multiple formats at Google; US access only
  • multiple formats at archive.org
  • page images at HathiTrust; US access only
• Die Syllogistik des Aristoteles (3 volumes in 1; in German; Tubingen: H. Laupp, 1896-1900), by Heinrich Maier (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)

• Assetization: Turning Things into Assets in Technoscientific Capitalism (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, c2020), ed. by Kean Birch and Fabian Muniesa (PDF files with commentary at MIT Press Direct)

• Models in Microeconomic Theory (Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, c2020), by Martin J. Osborne and Ariel Rubinstein
  • "he" edition; multiple formats with commentary at Open Book Publishers
  • "she" edition; multiple formats with commentary at Open Book Publishers
• Modeling Bounded Rationality (1998), by Ariel Rubinstein (PDF in Israel)

• Risk Aversion and Portfolio Choice (Cowles Foundation monograph #19; New York et al.: J. Wiley and Sons, c1967), ed. by Donald D. Hester and James Tobin (PDF at Yale)
• Risk, Uncertainty and Profit, by Frank Hyneman Knight (frame-dependent HTML at econlib.org)

• Risk Criticism: Precautionary Reading in an Age of Environmental Uncertainty (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, c2016), by Molly Wallace
  • PDF with commentary at oapen.org
  • page images at HathiTrust
  • PDF files at JSTOR

• Mastering the Information Age: Solving Problems With Visual Analytics (c2010), ed. by Daniel Keim, Jörn Kohlhammer, Geoffrey Ellis, and Mansmann Florian (PDF with commentary at vismaster.eu)

• The Marchants Avizo: Verie Necessarie for Their Sonnes and Servants, When They First Send Them Beyond The Seas, as to Spayne and Portingale, or Other Countreyes (London: Impr. by T. Orwin, 1590), by J. B. (page images at Yale)

• The Whole Art of the Stage: Containing Not Only the Rules of the Drammatick Art, But Many Curious Observations About It, Which May Be of Great Use to the Authors, Actors, and Spectators of Plays, Together With Much Critical Learning About the Stage and Plays of the Antients (London: Printed for the author and sold by W. Cadman et al., 1684), by François-Hédelin Aubignac (HTML at EEBO TCP)

• Select Works of Sri Sankaracharya (English translations only; 1921), by Śaṅkarācārya, trans. by S. Venkataramanan (HTML with commentary at sacred-texts.com)

• The Analysis of Beauty: Written With a View of Fixing the Fluctuating Ideas of Taste (London: J. Reeves, 1753), by William Hogarth (page images at Wisconsin)
• A Philosophical Enquiry Into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful (London: Printed for R. and J. Dodsley, 1757), by Edmund Burke (multiple formats at archive.org)
• Indagación Filosófica Sobre el Orígen de Nuestras Ideas Acerca de lo Sublime y lo Bello (in Spanish; Alcalá: Oficina de la Real Universidad, 1807), by Edmund Burke, trans. by Juan de la Dehesa (page images at HathiTrust)
• An Essay on the Beautiful (From the Greek of Plotinus) (London: J. M. Watkins, 1917), by Plotinus, trans. by Thomas Taylor (Gutenberg text)
• Laocoon: An Essay Upon the Limits of Painting and Poetry, With Remarks Illustrative of Various Points in the History of Ancient Art (Boston: Roberts Bros., 1887), by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, trans. by Ellen Frothingham
  • multiple formats at archive.org
  • page images at HathiTrust
• A Philosophical Enquiry Into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful, by Edmund Burke (HTML at Bartleby)
• Aristotle on the Art of Poetry (aka Poetics), by Aristotle, trans. by Ingram Bywater, contrib. by Gilbert Murray (Gutenberg text)
• Poetics, by Aristotle, trans. by S. H. Butcher (Gutenberg text)
• Poetics, by Aristotle, trans. by W. Hamilton Fyfe (HTML with commentary at Perseus)
• The Art of Poetry: An Epistle to the Pisos (in Latin and English), by Horace, ed. by George Colman (Gutenberg text)
• Rhetoric, by Aristotle, trans. by W. Rhys Roberts (HTML at Internet Classics)
• Rhetoric, by Aristotle, trans. by John Henry Freese (HTML with commentary at Perseus)

• A Geographical Historie of Africa (London: G. Bishop, 1600), by Leo Africanus, trans. by John Pory
  • HTML at EEBO TCP
  • multiple formats at archive.org
• The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African, Written by Himself (London: The author, 1789), by Olaudah Equiano
  • Volume I: HTML and TEI with commentary at UNC
  • Volume I: multiple formats at archive.org
  • volume I, second edition: HTML at ECCO TCP
  • volume II: HTML and TEI with commentary at UNC
  • Volume II: multiple formats at archive.org
  • volume II: HTML at ECCO TCP
  • 2 volumes in 1: page images at HathiTrust
  • Gutenberg text, illustrated HTML, and audio reading
• The Travels of Ibn Batūta;: Translated from the Abridged Arabic Manuscript Copies Preserved in the Public Library of Cambridge, With Notes Illustrative of the History, Geography, Botany, Antiques, &c Occurring Throughout the Work (London: Printed for the Oriental Translation Committee, 1829), by Ibn Batuta, ed. by Samuel Lee (page images at HathiTrust)
• A Caution to Great Britain and Her Colonies, in a Short Representation of the Calamitous State of the Enslaved Negroes in the British Dominions (new edition; London: J. Phillips, 1785), by Anthony Benezet
  • multiple formats at archive.org
  • page images at HathiTrust
• Relations of the Most Famous Kingdomes and Common-Wealths Thorowout the World, Discoursing of Their Situations, Religions, Languages, Manners, Customes, strengths, Greatnesse, and Policies (London: Printed by I. Haviland for I. Partridge, 1630), by Giovanni Botero, ed. by Robert Johnson (HTML at EEBO TCP)
• Relations of the Most Famous Kingdoms and Common-Weales Thorough the World, Discoursing of Their Scituations, Manners, Customes, Strengthes and Pollicies (London: Printed for J. Jaggard, 1611), by Giovanni Botero, ed. by Robert Johnson
  • multiple formats at Google
  • page images at HathiTrust

More items available under broader and related terms at left.