This paper presents some thoughts about research in science and technology (S & T) gleaned from the author's more than 50 years working in scientific and engineering research -- first in the chemical industry, then at two different government laboratories, and later some years in S & T policy. It elaborates on a paper by Richard Chait in which he interviews three former S & T executives in the Department of Defense (DOD) on how to manage a research laboratory. In this paper, the author expands on the comments made to Dr. Chait and provides a broad context for the discussion. In addition, this paper connects a number of subjects discussed in several other papers published by the Center for Technology and National Security Policy (CTNSP). The objective is to provide some insights on what it is like to work in a scientific research establishment. The author's hope is that this will be of some value for the senior manager who has no laboratory experience but is responsible for overseeing a research department, and that the paper will help new technical personnel just entering the laboratory for the first time. For experienced laboratory staff, the paper will contain many familiar ideas and perhaps some that are controversial. Some of the paper deals with the DOD technical programs.

A study of the historical and planned level of Department of Defense (DOD) funding in computer science (CS) research from the 2001-2011 DOD records has provided a top-level view of the current status of investment in this foundational technology. This study was triggered by university and Congressional concern that DOD has been reducing its investment in CS research. While the funding database provided by DOD agencies and components was limited, the study found that DOD maintains a significant and stable investment in CS and the related areas of information science (IS) and network and information technology (NIT). Overall, CS/IS/NIT constitutes 17.4 percent of the entire DOD science and technology (S & T) funding base. While top-line DOD funding shows out-year growth, a primary finding of this study is that the focus of the DOD research investment in NIT has shifted from basic research to more applied DOD applications.

The report addresses key research findings from the Earth elements of sky, sea, ice, land, life and people. The report points to human impacts on the environment, such as the use of fossil fuels, agriculture, land use as well as the use of aerosols as factors in the Earth's changing climate. They say it is "extremely likely that human activities have had a net warming effect since 1750." Researchers say the evidence of a changing planet is not solely based on one field of science. They note that a wide range of scientists - from ecologists to social scientists - have documented examples of climate change's impact on the Earth

Những bí quyết giúp bạn có được thành công trong phương pháp học tập và ghi nhớ thông minh: Học tập thông qua các hồi tưởng đa dạng; rèn luyện ngắt quãng và đan xen nhiều nội dung; đưa kiến thức mới vào một ngữ cảnh rộng hơn; đúc rút nguyên lý và nguyên tắc để khu biệt các vấn đề... "To most of us, learning something "the hard way" implies wasted time and effort. Good teaching, we believe, should be creatively tailored to the different learning styles of students and should use strategies that make learning easier. Make It Stick turns fashionable ideas like these on their head. Drawing on recent discoveries in cognitive psychology and other disciplines, the authors offer concrete techniques for becoming more productive learners.... Memory plays a central role in our ability to carry out complex cognitive tasks ... Many common study habits and practice routines turn out to be counterproductive..." --

Examines some key factors that have led to meaningful technology generation and incorporation into current U.S. Army weapons systems.