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1. Defend women’s rights and save the trees: a cross-national analysis of women’s immovable property... 2022

   https://ncsu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpR3LTttAcMTjUC4UaKWmBbQHbnQVx-vENkKgEIiCRNqoSdXHxfKud0UlCgGnCG58BvweX8LM2CaA1F7qw-zBo_HaM56Z3Z0HwAapOG20la7peTKwoSdjrYx0DUrDDEMVcR73k82cIpqQcmFK_lZqkXV1dmZom7yOljaM0CQ21e74XFLjKDpgLbtozMJ8A71rEvK-P3hUxq2Ie5ShIxNLykMt82aK7Dm6JIWzkyhH8uq5bZo6nC_OSNn0dF_D72rSHHFCfQ6eht7Xudwh17ioSjv-1wsuwWLpo4p2IVTLMGNPV-BVlcKcr8DCo9q8fgO3-9bZ00xsH-9wOYf7m7tc8Jo_364f74gU7-XppRXoago6A8-3RErY_BEIRVY7kohblEgRZ-4ZPSb0C-d3SZleYkwnCBeTa8J58ST0wfF9xQmSfgtfuwejTk-W_R6kQUUwkdYFlB1nrPFdQ5lAIWuUjdIYXQqT4spOa6UCZXQcxlmQeimaX2djhyoyalJdsXcgLEqe39BUBacVGKe0bqGPmqkwiG0U-1kNNisWJ-OinkcyrdzMyyF8asICkVzVYLViVFL-23ky5VINPlaSMb39d2rv_03tAyz4JIwcK7MKc5OLP3YN5kie1mE2_PaD4Pe9dZhvHw2PDmkcdQZDHPd6vU9tHHudw-5PxOp7I4J-n-FnhgOGXxgOHwAJlg5f

   Sommer, Jamie M.; Burroway, Rebekah; Shandra, John M.

   Population And Environment, Vol. 44, Issue 3-4, pp. 168 - 192.

   Since 1990, 420 million hectares of forest have disappeared worldwide with the majority being lost in low- and middle-income nations. Given this alarming trend, what can be done to safeguard such a... Read more

   Since 1990, 420 million hectares of forest have disappeared worldwide with the majority being lost in low- and middle-income nations. Given this alarming trend, what can be done to safeguard such a vital resource? Drawing on feminist political ecology, we suggest that protecting women’s legal rights to immovable property might help alleviate the problem of forest loss in low- and middle-income nations. Building on existing theoretical and case study work, we use ordinary least squares and two-stage instrumental variable regression models to examine the association between women’s immovable property rights in 2000 and forest loss from 2001 to 2015 across 65 low- and middle-income nations. The results suggest that higher levels of women’s property rights are associated with lower forest loss, net of various controls. This finding implies that when the rights of women are curtailed, the repercussions extend beyond women themselves. Indeed, the repercussions are felt throughout all of society, including on the natural environment. Read less

   Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

2. Why Can't a Man Be More Like a Woman? Sex Differences in Big Five Personality Traits Across 55... 2008

   https://ncsu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3db9MwELdge5mEEAwE2VjxwwQPVUpsJ3H8hNKqVYGKTVDYY5QPp1RIW9UPif2R_E_cxUmadi0f4iVq7Uui-H6-O5_vzoSco4hL0kTbuec4tqulY6tEpHbOMA1TShEUedxNZ87PKhdmZxT7m_9mLbQBczFV9h_YWz8UGuA3MBmuwGa4_hWjr77BrEY3ply2YwxnaXdxqs41rLe_a2i6ukEvpxiAXPgBIi4vM_yKQNjudNIeYPDQZcMoB_2F2wlhoUHbnlfW3SyjDe9asrPGvQ0__KySrbXX_nNvCKJyXMfSr5PLvl58Cnv9D2X2UFUOHDeC-uHowkRermpwjkbvCtL3uM3f7c2nG76LYI2zajtqU8xvQ3Iz4cCoLCOnlVA2EyYTtBLk5rTkDcAaqczMyT2lgmfmtKM7usNUH6jf1lFuh3XqW5uFurcUaB3WyHGblbv-fXLIJRjeaJ1fhruL18MbyhwuU2Jq-607rKUHs3gBo5SbE1f2LIl4aRqNH5GHJRJoaLD5mNzT18fkqB7z22NyUudF0VfUZIRTU6Dm9gmZAIIpIPj1ksYU8Eu7miJ-KeIXmgr8vqWAXtpAL50C4XRCEb20gV5q0EsNeqnn0Qq9T8mXQX_cG9rl-R927LliaSc5GE5OrDOV-rAO8YM05szRQRB7TuwxmaWau5kWWP0-yVPQ3UCVBCLTKsi81BfPCdUgiThLsCqS76a5SBIf1iyZkK7SgeKZRc5gmCOcEVUkKvyZRcqNWARssMj5dn9qCqdtkbUrPkUzUyYmKsI7BIZ3cB4hbxvUrQ1W1rdUALLIacXbqBQ1C-hU8BEwAjt70bEjQcFKi7yse0FV4P5ffK1vVosIRtAH21Ttp_AkLxZI-yl85nvit8-QDgt8MBMs8syAcj0gAVoD3D_50-efkiMTloWezhfkYDlf6TNygOqgRQ67w-HHsFVMrV9zmwED

   Schmitt, David P; Realo, Anu; Voracek, Martin; Allik, Jüri

   Journal Of Personality And Social Psychology, Vol. 94, Issue 1, pp. 168 - 182.

   Previous research suggested that sex differences in personality traits are larger in prosperous, healthy, and egalitarian cultures in which women have more opportunities equal with those of men. In... Read more

   Previous research suggested that sex differences in personality traits are larger in prosperous, healthy, and egalitarian cultures in which women have more opportunities equal with those of men. In this article, the authors report cross-cultural findings in which this unintuitive result was replicated across samples from 55 nations ( N = 17,637). On responses to the Big Five Inventory, women reported higher levels of neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness than did men across most nations. These findings converge with previous studies in which different Big Five measures and more limited samples of nations were used. Overall, higher levels of human development-including long and healthy life, equal access to knowledge and education, and economic wealth-were the main nation-level predictors of larger sex differences in personality. Changes in men's personality traits appeared to be the primary cause of sex difference variation across cultures. It is proposed that heightened levels of sexual dimorphism result from personality traits of men and women being less constrained and more able to naturally diverge in developed nations. In less fortunate social and economic conditions, innate personality differences between men and women may be attenuated. Read less

   Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

3. Women's Underrepresentation in Science 2009

   https://ncsu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3daxQxEA9aXwoiVYuurecKik_LZZPdzQZKocqJ-ORDxceQZBPal7X02of-95187cf1DhVfliMZdi8zk18mk8kMQh8cxCmtTGFrjIvKMFxwRXVhS3cNkzHa-nvcU2eOTndhtkaxL_9btNAGwnVXZf9BvMNLoQF-g5DhCWKG518J2teg9G53X8PIZ6lMN4p8GGOcvlMzdA57apqC251HGH05iQAbT46mzplfpu_uRl_qZ3ndx5BfH-gTe5I_gY8BVZMQ_gcAvKksEU59ITgcMM8EBOWUFy77-QxiQ0qSqEtkBpjtZO0lITH7A1gPiQEk9ts_Mi5d6bh-Y0Ub4gyBfwK-LYiA7zxGTwjj3JW5WP04G5ZrVsdye3EsKUMxZcv0wS2WSwyOf3ol18AeG4qg7Nil0GitnB-gZ3GbkZ8FdXmOHpn-BdofmH33EhUnF6dedT6tT5YXp_kW5ckv-zwqzyH6-XV1_uVbEWtnFLIum5uC8lrXsiSdJM7CtGAlWkW6imKLrcGyapUsLYxS1bLTXCtCoL_UpFbM2hbT1yg3MItJqVxGoabSlirVgL3fUVZx03LSZWgBbBEuLD9FcYoZxzP0cZNAh6xjm3TvE2fFVUiyInxwBGUiySBDh47lQ__qewu7XQ7ti5kMBgLiLNe2hZcfJaGIOG3XgmBaMcCpcmuvc5JwsOxwht4NvQC77ixN9ub37VpQVnrnxG6KpuGAcyVQ5Dso4A-AZQgWdIZeBWUZR8-Jy4zJ3_yJxUdof5zEx2jv5vrWvEV7DjkXXs_vAa-mvNU

   Ceci, Stephen J; Williams, Wendy M; Barnett, Susan M

   Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 135, Issue 2, pp. 218 - 261.

   The underrepresentation of women at the top of math-intensive fields is controversial, with competing claims of biological and sociocultural causation. The authors develop a framework to delineate ... Read more

   The underrepresentation of women at the top of math-intensive fields is controversial, with competing claims of biological and sociocultural causation. The authors develop a framework to delineate possible causal pathways and evaluate evidence for each. Biological evidence is contradictory and inconclusive. Although cross-cultural and cross-cohort differences suggest a powerful effect of sociocultural context, evidence for specific factors is inconsistent and contradictory. Factors unique to underrepresentation in math-intensive fields include the following: (a) Math-proficient women disproportionately prefer careers in non-math-intensive fields and are more likely to leave math-intensive careers as they advance; (b) more men than women score in the extreme math-proficient range on gatekeeper tests, such as the SAT Mathematics and the Graduate Record Examinations Quantitative Reasoning sections; (c) women with high math competence are disproportionately more likely to have high verbal competence, allowing greater choice of professions; and (d) in some math-intensive fields, women with children are penalized in promotion rates. The evidence indicates that women's preferences, potentially representing both free and constrained choices, constitute the most powerful explanatory factor; a secondary factor is performance on gatekeeper tests, most likely resulting from sociocultural rather than biological causes. Read less

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