Dictionary of Early American Philosophers
John R. Shook;John R. Shook
eBook
The Dictionary of Early American Philosophers, which contains over 400 entries by near...
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Dictionary of Early American Philosophers
2012
The Dictionary of Early American Philosophers, which contains over 400 entries by nearly 300 authors, provides an account of philosophical thought in the United States and Canada between 1600 and 1860. The label of'philosopher'has been broadly applied in this Dictionary to intellectuals who have made philosophical contributions regardless of academic career or professional title. Most figures were not academic philosophers, as few such positions existed then, but they did work on philosophical issues and explored philosophical questions involved in such fields as pedagogy, rhetoric, the arts, history, politics, economics, sociology, psychology, medicine, anthropology, religion, metaphysics, and the natural sciences. Each entry begins with biographical and career information, and continues with a discussion of the subject's writings, teaching, and thought. A cross-referencing system refers the reader to other entries. The concluding bibliography lists significant publications by the subject, posthumous editions and collected works, and further reading about the subject.
Subject terms:
Philosophy, American--Dictionaries - Philosophy, Canadian--Dictionaries - Philosophers--United States--Biography--Dictionaries - Philosophers--Canada--Biography--DictionariesContent provider:
eBook Community College Collection (EBSCOhost)
eBook
Needles, Herbs, Gods, and Ghosts : China, Healing, and the West to 1848
Linda L. Barnes;Linda L. Barnes
When did the West discover Chinese healing traditions? Most people might point to the'...
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Needles, Herbs, Gods, and Ghosts : China, Healing, and the West to 1848
2007
When did the West discover Chinese healing traditions? Most people might point to the'rediscovery'of Chinese acupuncture in the 1970s. In Needles, Herbs, Gods, and Ghosts, Linda Barnes leads us back, instead, to the thirteenth century to uncover the story of the West's earliest known encounters with Chinese understandings of illness and healing. As Westerners struggled to understand new peoples unfamiliar to them, how did they make sense of equally unfamiliar concepts and practices of healing? Barnes traces this story through the mid-nineteenth century, in both Europe and, eventually, the United States. She has unearthed numerous examples of Western missionaries, merchants, diplomats, and physicians in China, Europe, and America encountering and interpreting both Chinese people and their healing practices, and sometimes adopting their own versions of these practices.A medical anthropologist with a degree in comparative religion, Barnes illuminates the way constructions of medicine, religion, race, and the body informed Westerners'understanding of the Chinese and their healing traditions.
Subject terms:
Medicine--History - Medicine, Chinese - Medicine, Chinese--History - Medical anthropologyContent provider:
eBook Collection (EBSCOhost)
John S. Haller;John S. Haller
John S. Haller,Jr., provides the first modern history of the Eclectic school of Americ...
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1994
John S. Haller,Jr., provides the first modern history of the Eclectic school of American sectarian medicine. The Eclectic school (sometimes called the'American School') flourished in the mid-nineteenth century when the art and science of medicine was undergoing a profound crisis of faith. At the heart of the crisis was a disillusionment with the traditional therapeutics of the day and an intense questioning of the principles and philosophy upon which medicine had been built. Many American physicians and their patients felt that medicine had lost the ability to cure. The Eclectics surmounted the crisis by forging a therapeutics based on herbal remedies and an empirical approach to disease, a system independent of the influence of European practices. Although rejected by the Regulars (adherents of mainstream medicine), the Eclectics imitated their magisterial manner, establishing two dozen colleges and more than sixty-five journals to proclaim the wisdom of their theory. Central to the story of Eclecticism is that of the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati, the'mother institute'of reform medical colleges. Organized in 1845, the school was to exist for ninety-four years before closing in 1939. Throughout much of their history, the Eclectic medical schools provided an avenue into the medical profession for men and women who lacked the financial and educational opportunities the Regular schools required, siding with Professor Martyn Paine of the Medical Department of New York University, who, in 1846, had accused the newly formed American Medical Association of playing aristocratic politics behind a masquerade of curriculum reform. Eventually, though, they grudgingly followed the lead of the Regulars by changing their curriculum and tightening admission standards. By the late nineteenth century, the Eclectics found themselves in the backwaters of modern medicine. Unable to break away from their botanic bias and ill-equipped to support the implications of germ theory, the financial costs of salaried faculty and staff, and the research implications of laboratory science, the Eclectics were pushed aside by the rush of modern academic medicine.
Subject terms:
Therapeutics - Medicine, Eclectic--United States--HistoryContent provider:
eBook Collection (EBSCOhost)
History of Science in United States : An Encyclopedia
Marc Rothenberg;Marc Rothenberg
This Encyclopedia examines all aspects of the history of science in the United States,...
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History of Science in United States : An Encyclopedia
2001; Vol. 00842
This Encyclopedia examines all aspects of the history of science in the United States, with a special emphasis placed on the historiography of science in America. It can be used by students, general readers, scientists, or anyone interested in the facts relating to the development of science in the United States. Special emphasis is placed in the history of medicine and technology and on the relationship between science and technology and science and medicine.
