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Ground-cushion phenomenon

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• Aerodynamics
• Air jets
• Compressibility
• Lift (Aerodynamics)
• Pneumatics

• Ground-effect machines

• Air-bearing lift
• Ground effect (Aerodynamics)
• Ground pressure (Aerodynamics)

• An experimental and theoretical investigation of thick wings at various sweep angles in and out of ground effect / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Adminstration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch ; [Springfield, Va. : For sale by the National Technical Information Service, 1982]), by John W. Paulson, Scott O. Kjelgaard, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Branch (page images at HathiTrust)
• Ground effect for lifting rotors in forward flight / (Washington, [D.C.] : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1960), by Harry H. Heyson and Langley Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• Ground effects on the low-speed aerodynamics of a powered, generic hypersonic configuration / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Division ; Springfield, Va. : For sale by the National Technical Information Service, 1991), by Gregory M. Gatlin and Langley Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• Wind-tunnel and piloted flight simulator investigation of a deflected-slipstream VTOL airplane, the Ryan VZ-3RY / (Washington, [D.C.] : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1959), by Harry A. James and Ames Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• Effect of ground proximity on the aerodynamic characteristics of aspect-ratio-1 airfoils with and without end plates / (Washington, [D.C.] : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1961), by Arthur W. Carter, United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Langley Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• Effect of groundboard height on the aerodynamic characteristics of a lifting circular cylinder using tangential blowing from surface slots for lift generation / (Washington, [D.C.] : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1961), by Vernard E. Lockwood, United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Langley Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• The ground-cushion phenomenon; report. (Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1959), by United States House Committee on Science and Astronautics (page images at HathiTrust)
• Effects of ground proximity on the longitudinal aerodynamic characteristics of an unswept aspect-ratio-10 wing / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; [For sale for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Virginia 22151], 1970), by Arthur W. Carter, Langley Research Center, and United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (page images at HathiTrust)
• An experimental investigation of dynamic ground effect / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1987), by Pai Hung Lee, Vincent U. Muirhead, C. Edward Lan, and Langley Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• A piloted simulator investigation of ground effect on the landing maneuver of a large, tailless, delta-wing airplane, (Washington, National Aeronautics and Space Administration; [for sale by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Va.], 1970), by C. Thomas Snyder, A. David Jones, and Fred J. Drinkwater (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Flight evaluation of ground effect on several low-aspect-ratio airplanes, (Washington, National Aeronautics and Space Administration; [for sale by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Va.], 1970), by Paul A. Baker, William Raymond Young, and William G. Schweikhard (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• General theory of wall interference for static stability tests in closed rectangular test sections and in ground effect / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; Springfield, VA : For sale by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, 1971), by Harry H. Heyson, Langley Research Center, and United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Investigation of the static lift capability of a low-aspect-ratio wing operating in a powered ground-effect mode / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; [Springfield, Va. : For sale by the National Technical Information Service], 1974), by Jarrett K. Huffman, Charlie M. Jackson, and Langley Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• Effect of ground proximity on the longitudinal aerodynamic characteristics of an aspect-ratio-1 wing with and without wing-tip blowing / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; [Springfield, Va. : For sale by the National Technical Information Service], 1974), by Raymond E. Mineck, Arthur W. Carter, and Langley Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• Investigation of a moving-model technique for measuring ground effects / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Division ; Springfield, Va. : For sale by the National Technical Information Service, 1989), by Guy T. Kemmerly and John W. Paulson (page images at HathiTrust)
• Dynamic heave-pitch analysis of air cushion landing systems / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; [Springfield, Va. : For sale by the National Technical Information Service, 1975]), by K. M. Captain, D. N. Wormley, Ashok B. Boghani, Langley Research Center, and Foster-Miller Associates (page images at HathiTrust)
• Effect of ground proximity on the longitudinal, lateral, and control aerodynamic characteristics of a tilt-wing four-propeller V/STOL model / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; Springfield, Va. : For sale by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, 1967), by Kenneth W. Goodson and United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (page images at HathiTrust)
• Theoretical and experimental investigation of ground-induced effects for a low-aspect-ratio highly swept arrow-wing configuration / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch ; [Springfield, Va. : For sale by The National Technical Information Service], 1979), by Paul L. Coe, James L. Thomas, Langley Research Center, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Branch (page images at HathiTrust)
• Review of propulsion-induced effects on aerodynamics of jet/stol aircraft / (Washington : National Aeronautics and Space Administration : [For sale by the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Va.], 1970), by Richard J. Margason, United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Langley Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• An evaluation of linearized vortex theory as applied to single and multiple rotors hovering in and out of ground effect / (Washington, [D.C.] : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1959), by Harry H. Heyson and Langley Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• Force-test investigation of the stability and control characteristics of a 1/8-scale model of a tilt-wing Vertical-Take-Off-and-Landing (VTOL) airplane / (Washington, [D.C.] : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1960), by Louis P. Tosti and Langley Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• Wind-tunnel investigation of a four-engine externally blowing jet-flap STOL airplane model. [electronic resource] / (Washington, National Aeronautics and Space Administration; [for sale by the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Va.], 1970), by Raymond D. Vogler, Langley Research Center, and United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (page images at HathiTrust)
• A Method for determining the point of lift-off and modified trajectory of a ground-based heated turbulent planar jet in a co-flowing wind /, by Milton M. Klein and U.S. Air Force Geophysics Laboratory (page images at HathiTrust)
• Survey on the potential of ground effect machines in maritime transport / (Hoboken, N.J. : Stevens Institute of Technology, Davidson Laboratory, 1961), by S. C. Y. Chen and Wilbur Marks (page images at HathiTrust)
• Lift and pitching moment Induced on jet STOVL aircraft hovering in ground effect : data report /, by Richard E. Kuhn, Vearl R. Stewart, and Ohio) Wright Laboratory (Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (page images at HathiTrust)
• Lift and pitching moment Induced on jet STOVL by the ground vortex : data report /, by Vearl R. Stewart, Richard E. Kuhn, and Ohio) Wright Laboratory (Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (page images at HathiTrust)

• Air cushion vehicles for Arctic operation / (Washington, D.C. : Association of Scientists and Engineers of the Naval Sea Systems Command, Dept. of the Navy, 1987), by Jeffrey Koleser, David R. Lavis, Association of Scientists and Engineers of the Naval Sea Systems Command. Annual Technical Symposium (24th : 1987), and United States. Naval Sea Systems Command (page images at HathiTrust)
• Results of a one-year demonstration air cushion vehicle operation in the Bethel region of Alaska : final report / (Washington, D.C. : UMTA ; Springfield, Va. : National Technical Information Service [distributor, 1982]), by Mike Scalzo, Omar McCall, United States. Urban Mass Transportation Administration. Office of Methods and Support, and Omar McCall and Associates (page images at HathiTrust)
• Operational testing and evaluation of the hydrofoil seacraft Denison : from June 1962 through 1963 / ([Bethpage, N.Y.] : Grumman, [1963]), by United States Maritime Administration and Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Ground effects on single- and multiple-jet VTOL models at transition speeds over stationary and moving ground planes (vertical take-off and landing) / (Washington, D. C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; Springfield, Va. : for sale by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, 1966), by Raymond D. Vogler, United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Langley Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• The ground-cushion phenomenon; report. (Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1959), by United States House Committee on Science and Astronautics (page images at HathiTrust)
• Potomac River air cushion vehicle transportation system : hearing before the Subcommittee on Transportation, Aviation and Materials of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, first session, September 13, 1989. (Washington : U.S. G.P.O. : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., Congressional Sales Office, U.S. G.P.O., 1989), by Space United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science (page images at HathiTrust)
• Logging with air-cushion vehicles / ([San Dimas, Calif.?] : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Technology & Development Program, [1997]), by Skip Garrett, Donald D. Studier, Calif.) Technology & Development Center (San Dimas, and Technology & Development Program (U.S.) (page images at HathiTrust)
• Air cushion craft development / (Bethesda, Md. : David W. Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center ; [Washington, D.C. : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O.], 1980), by Peter J. Mantle and David W. Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center. Systems Development Dept (page images at HathiTrust)
• Recirculation principle for ground effect machine two-dimensional tests. ([Arlington, Va., Obtainable from Armed Services Technical Information Agency] illus., 27 cm), by Orlando Martin Company. Aerospace Division (page images at HathiTrust)
• Recirculation principle for ground effect machines; three dimensional wind tunnel tests. ([Arlington, Va., Obtainable from Armed Services Technical Information Agency], 1962), by Orlando Martin Company. Aerospace Division (page images at HathiTrust)
• Experimental studies of the aerodynamics of ground effect machines. ([Fort Eustis, Va.], 1962), by Maryland. University. Wind Tunnel Operations Dept and United States. Army. Transportation Research Command (page images at HathiTrust)
• a The application of modular/sectional structures to ground effect machines. / ([Arlington, Va., Obtainable from Armed Services Technical Information Agency, 1962]), by Inc. Booz-Allen Applied Research (page images at HathiTrust)
• The application of inflatable structures to the ground effect machine (GEM) ([Arlington, Va., Obtainable from Armed Services Technical Information Agency, 1962]), by Inc. Booz-Allen Applied Research (page images at HathiTrust)
• Research on annular nozzel type ground effect machine : pressure transducer / (Berkeley : University of California, Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory, Wave Research Projects, 1962), by D. O. Horning, James D. Cumming, United States. Army. Office of Naval Research, and Berkeley. Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory University of California (page images at HathiTrust)
• Research on annular nozzle type ground effect machine operating over water : description of wake patterns / (Berkeley : University of California, Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory, Wave Research Projects, 1962), by Michael Möser and Berkeley. Institute of Engineering Research University of California (page images at HathiTrust)
• Research on annular nozzel type ground effect machine operating over water : nonuniformity of jet momentum / (Berkeley : University of California, Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory, Wave Research Projects, 1962), by Gunnar Sigurdsson and Berkeley. Institute of Engineering Research University of California (page images at HathiTrust)
• Impact studies of a 1/3-scale model of an air cushion vehicle / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch ; Springfield, Va. : For sale by the National Technical Information Service, 1985), by Robert H. Daugherty and Langley Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• Heave response of a plenum air cushion including passive and active control concepts / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; [For sale by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical, Springfield, Virginia 22151], 1969), by Jack D. Leatherwood, David G. Stephens, Grayson V. Dixon, Langley Research Center, and United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (page images at HathiTrust)
• Analog analysis of the heave response and control of the plenum-type air-cushion vehicle / (Washington, D.C. : National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; Springfield, VA : For sale by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, 1971), by Jack D. Leatherwood, United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Langley Research Center (page images at HathiTrust)
• Aerodynamic characteristics of air-cushion models at very low ground clearances and at free-stream dynamic pressures exceeding cushion pressure, (Washington, National Aeronautics and Space Administration; [for sale by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Va.], 1970), by Kalman J. Grunwald and William G. Johnson (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Extending coastwise privileges : hearings before the Subcommittee on Merchant Marine of the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, House of Representatives, Ninety-eighth Congress, first session, on Alaskan hovercraft--H.R. 1372, June 9, 1983, revitzalization of the domestic cruise industry-- H.R. 2883, June 15, 23, 1983, Puerto Rico passenger transportation - H.R. 89, October 19, 1983, granting coastwise privileges to certain vessels--S. 1015, S. 1186, and S. 1689, November 2, 1983. (Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 1984), by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Merchant Marine (page images at HathiTrust)
• HSGT mode service analysis in the Northeast Corridor / (Washington : Office of High Speed Ground Transportation, U.S. Department of Transportation, 1969), by TRW Systems Group, J.R. Vadeboncoeur, T.W. Smith, United States. Office of High Speed Ground Transportation, and United States. Northeast Corridor Transportation Project (page images at HathiTrust)
• HSGT systems engineering study tracked air cushion vehicle systems / (Washington : United States Department of Transportation, Office of High Speed Ground Transportation, 1969), by TRW Systems Group, United States. Office of High Speed Ground Transportation, and United States. Northeast Corridor Transportation Project (page images at HathiTrust)
• Ground effect machine research and development in the United States / ([Washington, D.C.] : Department of the Navy, David Taylor Model Basin, 1960), by Harvey R. Chaplin (page images at HathiTrust)
• Development and manufacture of a linear induction motor propulsion system for the tracked air cushion research vehicle / (Washington : Dept. of Transportation, Office of High-Speed Ground Transportation, 1971), by AiResearch Manufacturing Company and United States. Office of High-Speed Ground Transportation (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Surface effect ships for ocean commerce (SESOC) : final report on a study of the technological problems. (Washington : U.S. Dept. of Commerce; for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1966), by United States. SESOC Advisory Committee (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Tracked air cushion research vehicle subsystems analysis / (Washington, D.C. : The Dept. ; Springfield, Va. : Available through the National Technical Information Service, [1971]), by A. Schlosser, United States. Office of High-Speed Ground Transportation, and Grumman Aerospace Corporation (page images at HathiTrust)
• Tracked air cushion research vehicle : aerodynamic analysis / (Washington, D.C. : Dept. of Transportation, Office of High Speed Ground Transportation ; Springfield, VA : National Technical Information Service [distributor, 1971]), by J. Pierson, J. Helgesen, and United States. Office of High-Speed Ground Transportation (page images at HathiTrust)
• Tracked levitated research vehicle : periodic test summary report : primary suspension-aeropropelled / (Washington, D.C. : Federal Railroad Administration, Office of Research, Development and Demonstrations : [Springfield, Va. : for sale by the National Technical Information Service, 1974]), by G. Fischer, B. Zapotowski, United States. Federal Railroad Administration, and Grumman Aerospace Corporation (page images at HathiTrust)
• Side-by-side seakeeping and power plant comparisons of the surface effect ships (SES) USCGC SEA HAWK and USN SES-200 /, by Thomas J. Coe, U.S. Coast Guard Research & Development Center, and Logistics United States. Coast Guard. Office of Engineering (page images at HathiTrust)
• Surface effect ships : a new era in commercial ocean transportation /, by James A. Higgins and United States Maritime Administration (page images at HathiTrust)
• Survey on the potential of ground effect machines in maritime transport / (Hoboken, N.J. : Stevens Institute of Technology, Davidson Laboratory, 1961), by S. C. Y. Chen and Wilbur Marks (page images at HathiTrust)
• Research on annular nozzle type ground effect machine operating over water : water surface configuration / (Berkeley : University of California, Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory, Wave Research Projects, 1963), by J. D. Cumming and Berkeley. Institute of Engineering Research University of California (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Research on annular nozzle type ground effect machine operating over water : operation over waves / c by R.L. Wiegel ... [et al.] (Berkeley : University of California, Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory, Wave Research Projects, 1963), by Robert L. Wiegel and Berkeley. Institute of Engineering Research University of California (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)

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