The Online Books Page

Physicians -- Japan -- Biography

See also what's at your library, or elsewhere.

• Physicians -- Japan
• Physicians -- Biography
• Japan -- Biography

• Ophthalmologists -- Japan -- Biography

• Takano Chōei Sensei den (Takano Chōun ;, 1899), by Kenjirō Nagata and Chōun Takano (page images at HathiTrust)
• Meiji ika retsuden : dai1-dai4-hen (Kondō Shūnosuke, 1892), by Shūnosuke Kondō and Junʼichi Hayami (page images at HathiTrust)
• Baika mujinzō (Komatsu Tatewaki, 1899), by Tokuhon Nagata and Tatewaki Komatsu (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)

• Habu Genseki Sensei Dai 150-nen Kinenkai zōi shukuten kiji (Habu Genseki Sensei Daihyaku-gojūnen Kinenkai, 1916), by Habu Genseki Sensei Daihyaku-gojūnen Kinenkai (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)

Items below (if any) are from related and broader terms.

• Kyōō sōwa. (Minyūsha, 1901), by Minyūsha (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Kōkoku meiiden zenpen; tsuketari kyōrin zatsuwa (Suharaya Mohē, 1873), by Sōhaku Asada (page images at HathiTrust)

• Nagata Tokuhon igaku (Komatsu Tatewaki, 1920), by Tatewaki Komatsu and Tokuhon Nagata (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)

• Nihon isekiroku : tsuketari, igaku hakushiroku, hōki. (880-03 Tōkyō : Iji Jironsha, Shōwa 3 [1928], 1928), by Iji Jironsha (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)

• Onchi idan dōmei jinʼinroku (Onchisha, 1882) (page images at HathiTrust)

• Edward Jenner and Smallpox Vaccination (New York: F. Watts, Inc., c1962), by Irmengarde Eberle, illust. by Henry S. Gillette (page images at HathiTrust)
• Shots Without Guns: The Story of Vaccination (Chicago et al.: Rand McNally and Co., c1960), by Sarah R. Riedman (page images at HathiTrust)
• With Head and Heart and Hand: Photographs of 20th Century British Doctors (electronic edition, with commentary), by Nick Sinclair (frame-dependent illustrated HTML at bmj.com)
• An Alabama Student, and Other Biographical Essays, by William Osler (HTML at jcmi.edu)
• The Elephant Man, and Other Reminiscences (London et al.: Cassell and Co., 1923), by Frederick Treves (Gutenberg text and illustrated HTML)
• The Life of Michael Servetus: The Spanish Physician, Who, for the Alleged Crime of Heresy, Was Entrapped, Imprisoned, and Burned by John Calvin the Reformer, in the City of Geneva, October 27, 1553 (London: J. Chapman, 1848), by William Hamilton Drummond
  • multiple formats at archive.org
  • page images at HathiTrust
• William Hunter: Anatomist, Physician, Obstetrician (1718-1893) (London: H. K. Lewis, 1901), by R. Hingston Fox
  • multiple formats at Google; US access only
  • multiple formats at archive.org
• The Works: Literary, Moral, Philosophical and Medical (new edition, 4 volumes, with title pages varying somewhat between volumes and copies; London: Printed for J. Johnson, 1807), by Thomas Percival, ed. by Edward Percival (page images at HathiTrust)
• The story of San Michele (E. P. Dutton & co., inc., 1929), by Axel Munthe (page images at HathiTrust)
• Chiefly during his residence in Lichfield, with anecdotes of his friends and criticisms on his writings. (At the Classic press, for W. Poyntell & co., 1804), by Anna Seward, Dr Griffith, and Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (page images at HathiTrust)
• Memoir of Susan Dimock : resident physician of the New England Hospital for Women and Children. ([Press of J. Wilson], 1875), by Susan J. Dimock (page images at HathiTrust)
• Foursquare; the story of a fourfold life (The Macmillan co., 1929), by John Rathbone Oliver (page images at HathiTrust)
• Lettres de Gui Patin. (J.B. Baillière, 1846), by Guy Patin and J.-H. Reveillé-Parise (page images at HathiTrust)
• Doctors to the great (Dial Press, 1962), by Elaine Mardus and Miriam Lang (page images at HathiTrust)
• Pathfinders in medicine (Medical life Press, 1929), by Victor Robinson (page images at HathiTrust)
• Desert pioneer doctor and Experiences in obstetrics ... (Calexico Chronicle, 1947), by Frederick William Peterson (page images at HathiTrust)
• The fight against tuberculosis; an autobiography. (H. Schuman, 1952), by Francis Marion Pottenger (page images at HathiTrust)
• Amid masters of twentieth century medicine; a panorama of persons and pictures. (C.C. Thomas, 1958), by Leonard George Rowntree (page images at HathiTrust)
• A doctor's memories (The Bobbs-Merrill Company ..., 1926), by Victor C. Vaughan, George E. Wantz, F. F. McMillan, and R. B. Armstrong (page images at HathiTrust)
• Northwoods doctor (Lippincott, 1962), by Bill Trent (page images at HathiTrust)
• From Denmark to the Virgin islands ... (Dorrance, 1947), by Knud Knud-Hansen (page images at HathiTrust)
• Fifty years of medicine and surgery; an autobiographical sketch (The Surgical publishing company of Chicago, 1934), by Franklin H. Martin (page images at HathiTrust)
• Baas's History of medicine. (J.H. Vail, 1889), by Joh. Hermann Baas and Henry E. Handerson (page images at HathiTrust)
• The medical history of Milwaukee, 1834-1914 (Germania Publishing Co., 1915), by Louis Frederick Frank and Milwaukee Academy of Medicine. Book Collection (page images at HathiTrust)
• Memories of eighty years (The University of Chicago Press, 1949), by James B. Herrick (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Sixty years in medical harness; or, The story of a long medical life, 1865-1925. (Medical life press, 1926), by Charles Beneulyn Johnson (page images at HathiTrust)
• Medical leaders from Hippocrates to Osler (The Bobbs-Merrill company, 1929), by Samuel W. Lambert and George M. Goodwin (page images at HathiTrust)
• Consultation room. (A.A. Knopf, 1939), by Frederic Loomis (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• The bond between us (A. A. Knopf, 1942), by Frederic Loomis (page images at HathiTrust)
• Pathfinders in medicine (Medical review of reviews, 1912), by Victor Robinson (page images at HathiTrust)
• Literary doctors of medicine, a catalogue of the extra-professional writings of physicians and surgeons (Priv. print., 1926), by James Henry Davenport (page images at HathiTrust)
• History of homoeopathy and its institutions in America; their founders, benefactors, faculties, officers, hospitals, alumni, etc., with a record of achievement of its representatives in the world of medicine (The Lewis Publishing Company, 1905), by William Harvey King (page images at HathiTrust)
• Citizen of two worlds. (Harper, 1960), by Mohammad Ata-Ullah (page images at HathiTrust)
• Medizin-geschichtliches hilfsbuch/ mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Entdeckungsgeschichte und der Biographie. (Laupp, 1916), by Hermann Vierordt (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Trois ans à la cour de Perse. 4 planches en couleur, 4 cartes, 1 plan et 79 illus. d. après des photos. (F. Juven, 1899), by Joannès Feuvrier (page images at HathiTrust)
• Outlines of the history of medicine and the medical profession (W.R. Jenkins, 1910), by Joh. Hermann Baas and Henry E. Handerson (page images at HathiTrust)
• The frontier : army and professional life of Edwin W. Finch, M.D., with suggestive thoughts for his own personal experiences in the treatment of pneumonia, etc. (Simmons, Mannin, & Dawson, 1909), by Edwin Ward Finch (page images at HathiTrust)
• Aus meiner Dozentenzeit in Heidelberg (A. Bonz, 1903), by Adolf Kussmaul and Vinzenz Czerny (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Chronologia medica; a handlist of persons, periods and events in the history of medicine. (J. Bale, Sons & Danielsson, 1923), by D'Arcy Power and C. J. S. Thompson (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Médecins numismatistes (J.B. Baillière, 1851), by L. J. Renauldin (page images at HathiTrust)
• Sir James Young Simpson and chloroform (1811-1870) (Longmans, Green, 1898), by H. Laing Gordon (page images at HathiTrust)
• Nugæ chirurgicæ; or, A biographical miscellany, illustrative of a collection of professional portraits. (Printed by J. Nichols and son, and sold by Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green [etc.], 1824), by William Wadd (page images at HathiTrust)
• Diary of Dr. A. Jewett in 1833-4 containing history of his trip to Paris, France, the shower of meteors 1833, also various notes & memoranda by him. Diary loaned to the University of Michigan for copying, July, 1953. The present owner, Mrs. Dorothy J. Frazier ... is the grand-daughter of Adams Jewett. (University of Michigan, 1959), by Adams Jewett (page images at HathiTrust)
• Doctors in oil; a story of medical pioneers in oil fields round the world. (Standard Oil Co. (New Jersey), 1950), by Alvin Willis Schoenleber (page images at HathiTrust)
• Gringo doctor (Caxton Printers, 1939), by Ira Jefferson Bush (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Memoir of George B. Wood, M. D., LL. D. ([n. p., 1880), by Henry Hartshorne (page images at HathiTrust)
• Medical lives and scientific medicine at Michigan, 1891-1969 (University of Michigan Press, 1993), by Joel D. Howell (page images at HathiTrust)
• The life of Servetus (Printed for the author and sold by R. Baldwin ..., 1771), by Jaques George de Chaufepié, George E. Wantz, and James Yair (page images at HathiTrust)
• Wm. Beaumont's formative years; two early notebooks, 1811-1812. (Schuman, 1946), by William Beaumont and Genevieve Miller (page images at HathiTrust)
• Autobiography of Mary Phylinda Dole (Privately printed [by T. Morey & son], 1941), by Mary Phylinda Dole (page images at HathiTrust)
• Surgical interlude : recollections & reflections (Charles Stanley White, 1963), by Charles Stanley White (page images at HathiTrust)
• I'd live it again (J.B. Lippincott company, 1935), by Eugene John O'Meara (page images at HathiTrust)
• Albert Schweitzer, philosopher, theologian, musician, doctor; some biographical notes (A. & C. Black, 1928), by C. T. Campion and W. Montgomery (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Minnesteckningar. (P.A. Nordstedt & Söners Förlag, 1902), by Robert Adolf Armand Tigerstedt (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• William Henry Welch at eighty : a memorial record of celebrations around the world in his honor (Published for the Committee on the Celebration of the Eightieth Birthday of Doctor William Henry Welch by the Milbanks Memorial Fund, 1930), by Victor Oscar Freeburg, Milbank Memorial Fund, and Committee on the Celebration of the Eightieth Birthday of Doctor William Henry Welch (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Giants of medicine. (Grosset & Dunlap, 1962), by Irving Robbin (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Sir William Osler : memorial number, appreciations and reminiscences. (Privately issued ;, 1927), by International Academy of Pathology, Minnie Wright Blogg, and Maude E. Abbott (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• An Alabama student, and other biographical essays (Oxford university press, American branch; [etc., etc.], 1908), by William Osler (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Medical portrait gallery. Biographical memoirs of the most celebrated physicians, surgeons, etc., etc., who have contributed to the advancement of medical science. (Fisher, son & co., 1838), by Thomas Joseph Pettigrew (page images at HathiTrust)
• Doctors of the old school; being curiosities of medicine and ancient practise (The Saalfield publishing co., 1905), by Porter Davies (page images at HathiTrust)
• History of the American Medical Association from its organization up to January 1855; to which is appended biographical notices, with portraits of the presidents of the association, and of the author. (Lippincott, Grambo, 1855), by N. S. Davis and Samuel Worcester Butler (page images at HathiTrust)
• The diary of a late physician; being a new edition of selected passages (The Saalfield publishing co., 1905), by Samuel Warren and Charles Wells Moulton (page images at HathiTrust)
• Doctor Asa (Ward Ritchie Press, 1941), by Asa W. Collins and Paul Landacre (page images at HathiTrust)
• Frontier doctor; the autobiography of a pioneer on the frontier of public health. (Dorrance, 1948), by Samuel J. Crumbine (page images at HathiTrust)
• Elogio di Francesco Redi. (A spese della Societá Stecchi e Del-Vivo, 1781), by Giuseppe Gorani and Giovanni Valentino Mattia Fabbroni (page images at HathiTrust)
• Dictionaire des sciences médicales : biographie médicale. (C.L.F. Panckoucke, 1820), by A. J. L. Jourdan (page images at HathiTrust)
• Memorias de un médico (Gunche, Wiebeck y Turtl, 1892) (page images at HathiTrust)
• Aus meinem leben, erinnerungen und erörterungen (C. Konegen, 1906), by Moriz Benedikt (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• A history of twenty years of Dr. G. B. Champlin's life, or, A reproof to heedless youth : together with a system of correspondence, tending to matrimony (Printed for the editor, 1822), by Moses Eaton (page images at HathiTrust)
• The frontier, army and professional life (Press of Simmons, Manning & Dawson, 1909), by Edwin Ward Finch (page images at HathiTrust)
• Early years and late reflections. (Whittaker and Co., 1836), by Clement Carlyon (page images at HathiTrust)
• The doctor takes a holiday, an autobiographical fragment [by] Mary McKibbin-Harper. (Torch Press, 1941), by Mary McKibbin-Harper (page images at HathiTrust)
• A discourse commemorative of the life and character of Hugh L. Hodge, M.D., LL.D. : late emeritis professor of obstetrics and diseases of women and children in the University of Pennsylvania (Collins, printer, 1873), by R. A. F. Penrose (page images at HathiTrust)
• Maṭraḥ al-anẓār fī tarājim aṭibbāʼ al-aʻṣār (Ḥusaynī, 1915), by ʻAbd al-Ḥusayn Fīlsūf al-Dawlah (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Early years and late reflections. (Whittaker and Co., 1856), by Clement Carlyon (page images at HathiTrust)
• Bretonneau et ses correspondants; ouvrage comprenant la corresondance de Trousseau et de Velpeau avec Bretonneau (Alcan, 1892), by Pierre-Fidèle Bretonneau, A. Velpeau, A. Trousseau, and Paul Triaire (page images at HathiTrust)
• A biographical memoir of Hugh Williamson, M.D., LL.D. ... Delivered on the first of November, 1819, at the request of the New-York historical society. (Printed by C.S. Van Winkle, printer to the university, 1820), by David Hosack, Cornelius S. Van Winkle, College of Physicians and Surgeons in the City of New York, and New-York Historical Society (page images at HathiTrust)
• Selections from the medical papers and correspondence of the late John Coakley Lettsom (Printed by Nichols, Son, and Bentley, for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1817), by John Coakley Lettsom and Thomas Joseph Pettigrew (page images at HathiTrust)
• Disciples of Aesculapius (E.P. Dutton & Co. ;, 1901), by Benjamin Ward Richardson and George Martin (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Dr. Samuel Merritt ; his life and achievements : the Samuel Merritt Hospital ; its history and trustees ([The Kennedy Co. Printers], 1938), by Henning Koford (page images at HathiTrust)
• Consultation room. (A.A. Knopf, 1939), by Frederic Loomis (page images at HathiTrust)
• The life of Henry Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim : doctor and knight, commonly known as a magician (Chapman and Hall, 1856), by Henry Morley (page images at HathiTrust)
• An eulogy on Dr. Godman : being an introductory lecture, delivered November 1, 1830 (Wm. Greer, Printer, 1830), by Thomas Sewall (page images at HathiTrust)
• Reminiscences of George Martin Kober, M. D., LL. D., emeritus dean and professor of hygiene of the School of medicine, and member of the Board of regents, Georgetown university, Washington, D. C (The Kober foundation of Georgetown university, 1930), by George M. Kober (page images at HathiTrust)
• Jewish physicians and the contributions of the Jews to the science of medicine ([s.n.], 1897), by Aaron Friedenwald (page images at HathiTrust)
• Records and biographical sketches : the Society of Alumni of Bellevue Hospital founded in 1886, 1922-1929. (The Society, 1929), by Robert J. Carlisle and Bellevue Hospital. Society of Alumni (page images at HathiTrust)
• Savage son. (University of New Mexico Press, 1951), by Oren Arnold (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• A few medical & surgical reminiscences / y Augustin Prichard. (J.W. Arrowsmith, printer, 1896), by Augustin Prichard (page images at HathiTrust)
• Livserindringer og betragtninger (Forlagt av H. Aschehoug (W.Hygaard), 1910), by G. Armauer Hansen (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Études historiques et critiques sur les médecins numismatistes : contenant leur biographie et l'analyse de leurs écrits (Chez J.B. Baillière, Libraire de l'Academie national de médecine ;, 1852), by L. J. Renauldin (page images at HathiTrust)
• Der alte Heim : Leben und Wirken Ernst Ludwig Heim's ... Aus hinterlassenen Briefen und Tagbüchern herausgegeben (F.A. Brockhaus, 1846), by Ernst Ludwig Heim and Georg Wilhelm Kessler (page images at HathiTrust)
• Memoir of Isaac Parrish, M.D. read to the College of physicians of Philadelphia February 2, 1853 (T.K. and P.G. Collins, printers, 1853), by Samuel Jackson, T.K. & P.G. Collins (Firm), and College of Physicians of Philadelphia (page images at HathiTrust)
• Biografia medica piemontese. 2 (Tip. Bianco, 1824), by Giovanni Giacomo Bonino and Antonio Cavagna Sangiuliani di Gualdana (page images at HathiTrust)
• Lebenserinnerungen ... ([Leipzig, 1903), by Wilhelm His (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Vitae illustrium medicorum qui toto orbe, ad haec usque tempora floruerunt. (apud Guilielmum à Tongris, 1617), by Peeter vande Casteele (page images at HathiTrust)
• Biographiæ professorvm medicinæ qvi in Academia Altorfina vnqvam vixervnt. (Apvd hæredes I.D. Tavberi, 1728), by Johann Jakob Baier (page images at HathiTrust)
• Zacuto Lusitano, a sua vida e a sua obra. (E.T. Martins, 1909), by Maximiano Lemos (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Le docteur Labrie (P. Roy, 1898), by Auguste Gosselin (page images at HathiTrust)
• Obituary (s.n., 1899), by J. George Adami (page images at HathiTrust)
• Testimonials in behalf of Dr. T.S. Rowe, M.D. ... candidate for the appointment of medical superintendent of the Essex County Lunatic Asylum (s.n.], 1852) (page images at HathiTrust)
• A great teacher (Sir Michael Foster) and his influence (s.n., 1913), by J. George Adami (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Edward L. Trudeau; a study ([Sarnac Lake? N.Y., 1916), by Allen K. Krause (page images at HathiTrust)
• A brief memoir of Dr. Elisha Bartlett : with selections from his writings and a bibliography of the same (Sidney S. Rider, 1878), by Elisha Bartlett and Sidney S. Rider (page images at HathiTrust)
• Die Aerzte Kurlands von 1825-1900; ein biographisches Lexicon. (Steffenhagen, 1902), by Isidorus Brennsohn, Mitau Kurländische Gesellschaft für Literatur und Kunst, and Kurländische Gesellschaft für Literatur und Kunst (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Lettere scientifiche e familiari di Francesco Puccinotti (Successori Le Monnier, 1877), by Francesco Puccinotti and Alessandro Checcucci (page images at HathiTrust)
• An Alabama student, and other biographical essays (Oxford university press, American branch; [etc., etc.], 1909), by William Osler (page images at HathiTrust)
• A history of the medical class of '77, University of Pennsylvania. (Buchanan, 1887), by James M. Anders (page images at HathiTrust)
• Aus meiner Dozentenzeit in Heidelberg (A. Bonz, 1908), by Adolf Kussmaul and V. Czerny (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• The Autobiography and reminiscences of S. Pollak, M.D., St. Louis, MO. (St. Louis Medical Review, 1904), by Simon Pollak, Frank J. Lutz, and M.D. Rare Book Collection of Rush University Medical Center at the University of Chicago Stanton A. Friedberg (page images at HathiTrust)
• In memoriam, Francis Bishop Harrington, 1854-1914. (Boston., 1915), by Abbie Josephine Ruggles Harrington and Merrymount Press (page images at HathiTrust)
• Dr. E.G.F. Grisanowski : Mitteilungen aus seinem Leben und seinen Briefen (Schmorl & von Seefeld, 1890), by Ernst Georg Friederich Grisanowski, Emil Knodt, and Elpis Melena (page images at HathiTrust)
• Siluetas de médicos y libros de antaño ... (Madrid, 1921), by D. Sanchez de Rivera y Moset (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• An Alabama student, and other biographical essays (Oxford university press, 1909), by William Osler (page images at HathiTrust)
• From dugout to hilltop. (Murray & Gee, 1951), by Margaret Ross Evans Stewart (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• America gives a chance. (The Tribune press, 1940), by John J. Mullowney (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Dr. Lawrence F. Flick as I knew him. (Dorrance, 1956), by Cecilia R. Flick (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Album of the fellows of the American gynecological society. (W. J. Dornan, printer, 1930), by American Gynecological Society and Floyd Elwood Keene (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Struggling to climb: a biography (s.n.], 1958), by Edward L. Wilkerson (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Doctor of medicine. (Dodd, Mead, 1949), by Irma Gross Drooz (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Grass-roots doctor; memories of a mischievous boyhood and forty fruitful years as an M. D. (Exposition Press, 1959), by Albert Burton Troupa (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• The medical profession in all countries, containing photographic portraits from life. Vol. 3 (J. & A. Churchill, 11, New Burlington Street :, 1875), by England) Barraud & Jerrard (London, R. W. Innes Smith, Fannin & Company, M'Lachlan and Stewart, and J. & A. Churchill (page images at HathiTrust)
• The first seventy years of my life (New York, 1928), by Wolff Freudenthal (page images at HathiTrust)
• Solomon Islands, New Britain, and East New Guinea journal : January 7, 1960 to May 6, 1960 (Study of Child Growth and Development and Disease Patterns in Primitive Cultures, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness, National Institutes of Health, 1970), by D. Carleton Gajdusek and National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness (U.S.). Study of Child Growth and Development and Disease Patterns in Primitive Cultures (page images at HathiTrust)
• Life and works of F.F. Johnson, M.D., Stonefort, Illinois, U.S.A. ... (Turner Publishing Co., 1913), by F. F. Johnson (page images at HathiTrust)
• A doctor's apprenticeship; autobiographical sketches. (Rational Living, 1957), by B. Liber (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Works of Thomas Percival, M.D. in two volumes (Cruttwell, 1807), by Thomas Percival (page images at HathiTrust)
• Doctor's weekend (Simon and Schuster, 1960), by Hubert Bagster Trumper (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Précis de l'histoire générale, technologique et littéraire de la médecine (Béchet jeune, 1828), by M. Dezeimeris, M. Ollivier, M. Raige-Delorme, and Milwaukee Academy of Medicine. Book Collection (page images at HathiTrust)
• Memoranda of family history (Philadelphia : [publisher not identified], [1903], 1903), by Hugh L. Hodge, Harriet Woolsey Hodge, and Edward Blanchard Hodge (page images at HathiTrust)
• An M. D. the hard way. (Naylor, 1955), by John Edgard Sparks (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Gilbertus Anglicus: Medicine of the Thirteenth Century, by Henry E. Handerson (Gutenberg ebook)

More items available under broader and related terms at left.