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Western spruce budworm

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• Choristoneura

• Western Spruce budworm -- Computer programs
• Western spruce budworm -- Biological control
• Western spruce budworm -- Blue Mountains (Or. and Wash.)
• Western spruce budworm -- Canada
• Western spruce budworm -- Colorado
• Western spruce budworm -- Computer simulation
• Western spruce budworm -- Control
• Western spruce budworm -- Effect of insecticides on
• Western spruce budworm -- Eggs
• Western spruce budworm -- Great Lakes Region (North America)
• Western spruce budworm -- Idaho
• Western spruce budworm -- Larvae
• Western spruce budworm -- Montana
• Western spruce budworm -- New Mexico
• Western spruce budworm -- North America
• Western spruce budworm -- Northwest (U.S.)
• Western spruce budworm -- Northwestern States
• Western spruce budworm -- Oregon
• Western spruce budworm -- Pacific Coast (North America)
• Western spruce budworm -- Parasites
• Western spruce budworm -- Rocky Mountains
• Western spruce budworm -- Rocky Mountains Region
• Western spruce budworm -- Simulation methods
• Western spruce budworm -- United States
• Western spruce budworm -- Washington
• Western spruce budworm -- Washington (State)

• Budworm, Western spruce
• Choristoneura occidentalis
• Spruce budworm, Western

• Report of the Oregon spruce budworm control project. (Portland, Or., in the 20th century), by Portland U.S. Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
• Differential defoliation of neighboring Douglas-fir trees by western spruce budworm (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1981), by G. I. McDonald and Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Ogden, Utah) (page images at HathiTrust)
• Carbaryl applied at reduced dosage rates for control of western spruce budworm (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1983), by George P. Markin, David R. Johnson, and Calif.) Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station (Berkeley (page images at HathiTrust)
• A literature review of the spruce, western, and 2-year-cycle budworms : Choristoneura fumiferana, C. occidentalis, and C. biennis (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1968), by Melvin E. McKnight and Colo.) Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins (page images at HathiTrust)
• Evaluation of the western spruce budworm survey system in the Lake States : final report (USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area, State & Private Forestry, 1980), by Robert P. Ford, United States. State and Private Forestry. Northeastern Area. St. Paul Field Office, and United States. Forest Insect and Disease Management (page images at HathiTrust)
• Some effects of predaceous birds and ants on the western spruce budworm on conifer seedlings (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1984), by Robert W. Campbell, Canada/United States Spruce Budworms Program, and Or.) Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station (Portland (page images at HathiTrust)
• Resistance of Douglas-fir to western spruce budworm : results of a preliminary progeny test (USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1979), by G. I. McDonald and Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Ogden, Utah) (page images at HathiTrust)
• Monitoring larval populations of the Douglas-fir tussock moth and the western spruce budworm on permanent plots : sampling methods and statistical properties of data (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1994), by Robert R. Mason, H. Gene Paul, and Or.) Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland (page images at HathiTrust)
• A spruce budworm sampling program for HUSKY HUNTER field data recorders (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1993), by Fred H. Schmidt and Or.) Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland (page images at HathiTrust)
• Budworm activity, Oregon and Washington, 1947-1979 (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, 1980), by Robert E. Dolph, United States. Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Region, and United States. Forest Insect and Disease Management (page images at HathiTrust)
• Estimating defoliation of Douglas-fir and white fir by the western budworm / M.E. McKnight. (Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1969), by M. E. McKnight and Colo.) Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins (page images at HathiTrust)
• Deploying pheromone-baited traps for the western spruce budworm and defoliating insects (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1983), by David G. Fellin, Paul W. Hengel, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Ogden, Utah), and Canada/United States Spruce Budworms Program (page images at HathiTrust)
• Spruce budworms handbook : silvicultural strategies to reduce stand and forest susceptibility to the western spruce budworm (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service :, 1989), by Clinton E. Carlson and N. William Wulf (page images at HathiTrust)

• User's guide to the western spruce budworm modeling system (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1990), by Nicholas L. Crookston and Intermountain Research Station (Ogden, Utah) (page images at HathiTrust)

• Management guidelines for increasing populations of birds that feed on western spruce budworm (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Cooperative State Research Service, 1986), by Lisa A. Langelier, Edward O. Garton, Canada/United States Spruce Budworms Program, and United States. Cooperative State Research Service (page images at HathiTrust)

• Estimating numbers of eggs in western budworm egg masses (Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1969), by M. E. McKnight and Colo.) Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins (page images at HathiTrust)

• The western spruce budworm dynamics model : version 3.1 update and notes on behavior (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1991), by Nicholas L. Crookston and Intermountain Research Station (Ogden, Utah) (page images at HathiTrust)
• The Western Spruce budworm model : structure and content (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1989), by Katharine A. Sheehan and Or.) Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland (page images at HathiTrust)
• Foliage dynamics and tree damage components of the western spruce budworm modeling system (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1991), by Nicholas L. Crookston and Intermountain Research Station (Ogden, Utah) (page images at HathiTrust)

• Ground-spray techniques to reduce damage from western spruce budworm (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service :, 1984), by Lawrence E. Stipe, Canada/United States Spruce Budworms Program, United States. Cooperative State Research Service, and United States Forest Service (page images at HathiTrust)
• Pyrethrins applied to western spruce budworm (Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1971), by Robert L. Lyon and Jacqueline L. Robertson (page images at HathiTrust)

• How to distinguish between old and new egg masses of the western spruce budworm (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service :, 1984), by Daniel B. Twardus, V. M. Carolin, Canada/United States Spruce Budworms Program, United States. Cooperative State Research Service, and United States Forest Service (page images at HathiTrust)
• Western spruce budworm egg mass dimensions : an influence on population estimates (Intermountain Forest & Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1973), by Richard I. Washburn and James E. Brickell (page images at HathiTrust)
• Distribution of western spruce budworm egg masses on white fir and Douglas-fir (Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1982), by J. M. Schmid, P. A. Farrar, and Colo.) Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins (page images at HathiTrust)

• Evaluation of the western spruce budworm survey system in the Lake States : final report (USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area, State & Private Forestry, 1980), by Robert P. Ford, United States. State and Private Forestry. Northeastern Area. St. Paul Field Office, and United States. Forest Insect and Disease Management (page images at HathiTrust)

• Susceptibility of stands to defoliation by western spruce budworm on the Payette National Forest, Idaho (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Pest Management, Methods Application Group, 1986), by M. A. Marsden and United States. Forest Pest Management. Methods Application Group (page images at HathiTrust)
• Stem volume losses in grand firs topkilled by western spruce budworm in Idaho (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1982), by George T. Ferrell, Robert F. Scharpf, and Calif.) Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station (Berkeley (page images at HathiTrust)
• Growth of regeneration defoliated by spruce budworm in Idaho (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1988), by Dennis E. Ferguson and Intermountain Research Station (Ogden, Utah) (page images at HathiTrust)

• Effect of western spruce budworm on douglas-fir cone production in western Montana (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1983), by Allen B. Chrisman, Raymond C. Shearer, George M. Blake, Canada/United States Spruce Budworms Program, and Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Ogden, Utah) (page images at HathiTrust)
• Indexing western spruce budworm activity through radial increment analysis (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1982), by Clinton E. Carlson, Ward W. McCaughey, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Ogden, Utah), and Canada/United States Spruce Budworms Program (page images at HathiTrust)
• Influence of overstory removal and western spruce budworm defoliation on growth of advance conifer regeneration in Montana (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1989), by Clinton E. Carlson, Wyman C. Schmidt, and Intermountain Research Station (Ogden, Utah) (page images at HathiTrust)
• Small-scale trials of five insecticides : sprayed on spruce budworm in Montana (Pacific Southwest Forest & Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1967), by Paul E. Buffam, Raymond P. Miskus, and Hubert E. Meyer (page images at HathiTrust)
• Influence of overstory removal and western spruce budworm defoliation on growth of advance conifer regeneration in Montana (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1989), by Clinton E. Carlson, Wyman C. Schmidt, and Intermountain Research Station (Ogden, Utah) (page images at HathiTrust)

• Incidence of western spruce budworm parasites in New Mexico after aerial spraying with carbaryl (USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1981), by J. M. Schmid, Canada/United States Spruce Budworms Program, and Colo.) Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins (page images at HathiTrust)

• Population dynamics of the major North American needle-eating budworms (USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1993), by Robert W. Campbell and Or.) Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland (page images at HathiTrust)

• User's guide to the weather model : a component of the western spruce budworm modeling system (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1989), by William P. Kemp, Paul W. Thomas, Nicholas L. Crookston, and Or.) Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland (page images at HathiTrust)

• Development of western spruce budworm on Douglas-fir callus tissue (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1991), by R. C. Beckwith, Barry Goldfarb, and Or.) Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland (page images at HathiTrust)

• Draft environmental impact statement for managing western spruce budworm in Oregon and Washington (The Region, 1988), by United States. Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Region (page images at HathiTrust)
• Summary of draft environmental impact statement for managing western spruce budworm in Oregon and Washington (The Region, 1988), by United States. Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Region (page images at HathiTrust)
• Final environmental impact statement : management of western spruce budworm in Oregon and Washington. (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Pest Management :, 1989), by United States. Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Region and United States. Forest Pest Management (page images at HathiTrust)
• Larval densities and trends of insect species associated with spruce budworms in buds and shoots in Oregon and Washington (Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1980), by V. M. Carolin, United States Forest Service, and Or.) Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station (Portland (page images at HathiTrust)
• Record of decision for management of western spruce budworm in Oregon and Washington : final environmental impact statement. (USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, 1989), by United States. Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Region (page images at HathiTrust)
• Defoliation by western spruce budworm in Oregon and Washington from 1980 through 1994 (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, 1996), by Katharine A. Sheehan and United States. Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Region (page images at HathiTrust)
• A pilot experiment of forest fertilization during an outbreak of the western spruce budworm in northeastern Oregon (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1998), by Richard R. Mason and Or.) Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland (page images at HathiTrust)
• Case history of population change in a Bacillus thuringiensis-treated vs. an untreated outbreak of the western spruce budworm (United States, Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1996), by Richard R. Mason, H. Gere Paul, and Or.) Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland (page images at HathiTrust)
• Sampling populations of western spruce budworm and predicting defoliation on Douglas-fir in eastern Oregon (Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1972), by V. M. Carolin and W. K. Coulter (page images at HathiTrust)
• Budworm activity, Oregon and Washington, 1947-1979 (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, 1980), by Robert E. Dolph, United States. Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Region, and United States. Forest Insect and Disease Management (page images at HathiTrust)

• Western spruce budworm (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1982), by David G. Fellin, Jerald E. Dewey, and United States Forest Service (page images at HathiTrust)

• Twenty-four-inch branch as a sample unit for egg mass surveys of the western budworm (Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1968), by M. E. McKnight and Colo.) Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins (page images at HathiTrust)

• Outbreaks of the western spruce budworm in the American northern Rocky Mountain area from 1922 through 1971 (Intermountain Forest & Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1975), by Philip C. Johnson and Robert E. Denton (page images at HathiTrust)
• How does western spruce budworm feeding affect western larch? (Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1973), by David G. Fellin, Wyman C. Schmidt, and Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Ogden, Utah) (page images at HathiTrust)
• Release of a thinned budworm-infested Douglas-fir/ponderosa pine stand (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1985), by Clinton E. Carlson and Intermountain Research Station (Ogden, Utah) (page images at HathiTrust)

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