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Introduction -- Brief History of AI -- Cognitive Issues of AI -- Hierarchical Model of Thought -- Symbolic Intelligence -- Research Approaches of Artificial Intelligence -- Automated Reasoning -- Machine Learning -- Distributed Artificial Intelligence -- Artificial Thought Model -- Knowledge Based Systems -- Exercises -- Logic Foundation of Artificial Intelligence -- Introduction -- Logic Programming -- Nonmonotonic Logic -- Closed World Assumption -- Default Logic -- Circumscription Logic -- Nonmonotonic Logic NML -- Autoepistemic Logic -- Truth Maintenance System -- Situation Calculus -- Frame Problem -- Dynamic Description Logic -- Exercises -- Constraint Reasoning -- Introduction -- Backtracking -- Constraint Propagation -- Constraint Propagation in Tree Search -- Intelligent Backtracking and Truth Maintenance
Introduction -- Brief History of AI -- Cognitive Issues of AI -- Hierarchical Model of Thought -- Symbolic Intelligence -- Research Approaches of Artificial Intelligence -- Automated Reasoning -- Machine Learning -- Distributed Artificial Intelligence -- Artificial Thought Model -- Knowledge Based Systems -- Exercises -- Logic Foundation of Artificial Intelligence -- Introduction -- Logic Programming -- Nonmonotonic Logic -- Closed World Assumption -- Default Logic -- Circumscription Logic -- Nonmonotonic Logic NML -- Autoepistemic Logic -- Truth Maintenance System -- Situation Calculus -- Frame Problem -- Dynamic Description Logic -- Exercises -- Constraint Reasoning -- Introduction -- Backtracking -- Constraint Propagation -- Constraint Propagation in Tree Search -- Intelligent Backtracking and Truth Maintenance
Letter from George I. Butler to J. N. Andrews, Mar 1868, about the question of bearing arms Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Jan 1874, about D. T Bourdeau -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Jan 1874, about Brother Cornel and also about reaching the Germans, the Swedes and the Danes -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother Cornell, Jan 1874, about laboring in some of the Eastern states -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Jan 1874, about his visit among the Swedes -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Feb 1874, about Brother Curtis and the Seventh-day Baptists, Brother Tripp and Brother Gardiner as well as the Pierce family -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Feb 1874, about Brother S. H. Donner -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Mar 1874, about matters at the Institute -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Mar 1874, about his trip to the school building at Moumee (?) with Brother Jones -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Apr 1874, about his trip to Vermont and New England -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Apr 1874, about the state of things in Vermont -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, May 1874, about Maine and Rochester -- The camp meeting at Lees Summit, Missouri / Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Oct 1874, about his trip to California -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Sister White, Oct 1874, about general matters -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Brother White, Mar 1875, about the campmeetings -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Sister White, Dec 1875, about the guidance of the Testimony to him on preaching -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Feb 1878, about the T. J. Butler matter -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother Will, Oct 1879, about General Conference matters -- Letter from G. I. Butler to Dear Will, Dec 1879, about committee matters -- Letter from George I. Butler to Dear William, Dec 1879, about the article on foreign missions -- Letter from G. I. Butler to Elders Andrews, Loughborough and Matteson, Jan 1880, about the Conference in Europe -- Letter from George I. Butler to Elders Andrews, Loughborough and Matteson, Feb 1880, about the postponement of the Conference in Europe -- Letter from George I. Butler to Dear William, May 1880, about the expenses of the European Mission -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Jul 1880, about the Signs printed in Oakland -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to My dear Brother and Sister White, Sep 1880, about the meetings in Dakota and Nebraska -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother and Sister White, Sep 1880, about the Nebraska meeting -- Letter from G. I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Oct 1880, about their relationship as co-workers -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother and Sister White, Oct 1880, about the meeting in Osowkee, Kansas -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, Nov 1880, about their relationship as fellow workers for Christ -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother and Sister White, Nov 1880, about general matters and his upcoming meeting in Nevada city -- Letter to Dear Hedy, December 29, 1980 -- Letter from George I. Butler to My dear Will, Jan 1881, about Battle Creek -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to My dear Mother, Mar 1881, about the campmeetings, ED. M. Canright and Elder Haskell -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Sister White, Mar 1881, about Dr. Waggoner and A. T. Jones -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Brother White, Apr 1881, about the position he takes regarding the powers of the General Conference committee in sending laborers to other fields from State Conferences -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother John (letter) -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to My beloved mother in Christ, May 1881, about his impressions on the state of things in the Kansas conference -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother Will, Jun 1881, about the Signs hindering Elder L in his work and about the number of campmeetings he should attend that summer -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to My dear Brother Will, Jun 1881, about the Iowa campmeeting -- Letter from G. I. Butler to Dear Sister White, Jul 1881, about the dream she wrote Letter from Geo I. Butler to My dear Will, Aug 1881, about the death of James White -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to My dear Mother in Christ, Sep 1881, about the Ohio and Vermont meetings and the Haskells -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to My dear Will, Sep 1881, about the meetings in Maine and the Haskells -- Labor at the campmeetings / Letter from George I. Butler to W. C. White, Dec 1881, about an invitation to California -- Letter from George I. Butler to My dear Will, Jan 1882, about the situation at the General Conference since Brother White died -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to My dear Stephen (Haskell), Jan 1882, about Brother Smith and his conspiracy theories -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother Will, Feb 1882, about Brother Grant 's daughter Mrs. Keyes -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Will, February 3, 1882 -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Will, February 20, 1882 -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Will, February 22, 1882 -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother Will, April 10, 1882 -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to My Dear Afflicted Sister, April 26, 1882 -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to My Dear Sister White, May 17, 1882 -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to My Dear Mother in Christ, June 28, 1882 -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother Will, June 30, 1882 -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Sister White, July 16, 1882 -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to My Dear Sister White, August 24, 1882 -- Letter from Geo I. to Dear Sister White, August 26, 1882 -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Sister White, November 14, 1882 -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Sister White, November 28, 1882 -- Letter from George I. Butler to my dear Brother John, May 1883, about Sister White's visions and other matters -- :etter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Sister White, February 18, 1883 -- Letter from Geo. I. Butler to Dear Sister White, June 17, 1883 -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother Will, July 12, 1883 -- George Ide Butler-- a sketch -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Sister White, January 5, 1885 -- Letter from George I. Butler to dear Sister White, Feb 1885, about the Chicago Mission and Brother Andrews in Illinois -- Letter from George I. Butler to dear Sister White, March 1885, about Brother Miller -- Letter from George I. Butler to dear Sister White, Mar 1885, about general matters -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to Dear Brother White, March 21, 1885 -- Labor at the campmeetings / Letter from George I. Butler to Sister White, May 1885, about Elder J. H. Waggoner -- Letter from George I. Butler to dear Sister White, Aug 1885, about the fanatical movement around there -- Letter from Geo I. White to Dear Sister White, August 31, 1885 -- Letter from George I. Butler to W. C. White, Sep 1885, about publishing matters and the work in many areas -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to W. C. White, October 1, 1885 -- Letter from Geo I. Butler to W. C. White, December 1, 1885 -- George Ide Butler- The message and Its friends- no. 9 (article, The Advent Review and Sabbath Herald, 1923) -- George Ide Butler (1834-1918) (biography) -- George Ide Butler: a sketch of his life / In Memoriam George Ide Butler (leaflet) -- Obituary -- George I. Butler confession (article) -- See also referral notes -- Transfer sheet
Introduction : logic, philosophy, and philosophical logic / Ancient Greek philosophical logic / History of logic : Medieval / The rise of modern logic / Language, logic, and form / Puzzles about intensionality / Symbolic logic and natural language / Logical paradoxes / Semantical and logical paradox / Philosophical implications of logical paradoxes /
Introduction : logic, philosophy, and philosophical logic / Ancient Greek philosophical logic / History of logic : Medieval / The rise of modern logic / Language, logic, and form / Puzzles about intensionality / Symbolic logic and natural language / Logical paradoxes / Semantical and logical paradox / Philosophical implications of logical paradoxes /
Good and Bad Reasoning -- Reasoning and Arguments -- Exposition and Argument -- Cogent Reasoning -- Two Basic Kinds of Valid Arguments -- Some Wrong Ideas about Cogent Reasoning -- Background Beliefs -- Kinds of Background Beliefs -- Worldviews or Philosophies -- Insufficiently Grounded Beliefs -- Two Vital Kinds of Background Beliefs -- Science to the Rescue -- More on Deduction and Induction -- Deductive Validity -- Deductive Invalidity -- Syllogisms -- Indirect Proofs -- Tautologies, Contradictions, and Contingent Statements -- Inductive Validity (Correctness) and Invalidity (Incorrectness) -- A Misconception about Deduction and Induction -- Reasoning Cogently versus Being Right in Fact -- Fallacious Reasoning--1 -- Appeal to Authority -- Inconsistency -- Straw Man -- False Dilemma and the Either-Or Fallacy -- Begging the Question -- Questionable Premise--Questionable Statement -- Suppressed (Overlooked) Evidence -- Tokenism -- Fallacious Reasoning--2 -- Ad Hominem Argument -- Two Wrongs Make a Right -- Irrelevant Reason (Non Sequitur) -- Equivocation -- Appeal to Ignorance -- Composition and Division -- Slippery Slope -- Fallacious Reasoning--3 -- Hasty Conclusion -- Small Sample -- Unrepresentative Sample -- Questionable Cause -- Questionable Analogy -- Questionable Statistics -- Questionable Uses of Good Statistics -- Polls: An Important Special Case -- False Charge of Fallacy -- Psychological Impediments to Cogent Reasoning: Shooting Ourselves in the Foot -- Loyalty, Provincialism, and the Herd Instinct.
A question answered by Elder Uriah Smith (article, Review and Herald, 1883) -- A criticism answered (article, Review and Herald, 1883) Inspiration: its nature and manner of communication (parts 1 to 6) / Inspiration: its nature and manner of communication / Inspiration: differences in degrees and manner of bestowment / Inspiration (no. 3): visions and dreams / Inspiration (no. 4): light through visions the principal source of Bible inspiration / Inspiration (no. 5): the word of the Lord came to men through visions / Inspiration (no. 6): how were the poetic and historical books of the Bible written? / Inspiration (no. 7): The books of Solomon, Job, etc. / Inspiration (no. 8): in what sense are the scriptures inspired? / Inspiration (no. 9): is there any degree of imperfection in the revelation of God to man? / Inspiration (no. 10): final conclusions and reflections / Confirmation of the deluge (excerpt of Moody Bible Institute Monthly, Feb 1932) -- The work of Ellen G. White: its character / The Bible: infallible (excerpts from the writings of Ellen G. White) -- The Bible or tradition? (advertisement from Bible Baptist Church) -- Letter from Arthur L. White to G. S. Belleau, Nov 1939, about information relative to the attitude we should take toward the historical statements in the Spirit of Prophecy -- Letter from Arthur L. White to A. A. Olson, Jan 1946, about the meeting discussing the Spirit of Prophecy -- Letter from Arthur L. White to O. Klein, Nov 1947, about statements made by Ellen G. White -- Which are revealed, words or ideas? / Evidences of inspiration (information sheet no. 2) The inspiration of the evangelists and other New Testament writers / The nature of revelation / Toward a factual concept of inspiration II: the role of the visions and the use of historical sources in the "Great Controversy" / Biblical models of inspiration / The Greek New Testament (1966) -- The integrity of the prophetic message or "Who told Sister White?" / "Who told Sister White" / What came by revelation and what was discovered by Bible study? / Doubts about inspiration? / Our infallible Bible / Doctrine of revelation and inspiration (part 1) / Doctrine of revelation and inspiration (conc.) / Toward an Adventist concept of inspiration / The prophet bears testimony (Toward an Adventist concept of inspiration, pt. 2) / The question of infallibility (Toward an Adventist concept of inspiration, pt. 3) / The importance of understanding inspiration (Toward an Adventist concept of inspiration, pt. 4) / Tentative statement on creation & re-creation as understood by Seventh-day Adventists (1978) The Bible, science, and age of the earth: the testimony of Ellen G. White / Revelation-inspiration: Ellen White's witness and experience / Creation & re-creation as understood by Seventh-day Adventists (1979) -- The battle for the Bible / Understanding inspiration / From vision to prophecy / The question of inerrancy in inspired writings / Taking exception: the prodigal son rebutted / The sources of inspired writings / The value of Sister White's counsel (article on Inspiration) -- The writings of Ellen G. White (quotations, synopsis and comments) -- Adventists and inspiration / Improving the Testimonies through revisions (Adventists and inspiration, pt. 2) / "Questions and perplexities without end" (Adventists and inspiration, pt. 3) / Letting the Bible speak for itself (Adventists and inspiration, pt. 4) / How Ellen White perceived her inspirations / The Creator, His creation / Why did EGW write so much? How can we ever read it all? (question 20, Ellen G. White seminar, 1990) -- "From vision to printed page" / [Article on inspiration] / See also referral notes -- Inspiration and revelation (references from Review and Herald, 1967) -- Transfer sheet
Princeton, New Jersey : Princeton University Press, [2021]
9780691205700 hardcover ; alkaline paper
Are we smart? -- Rational illusions -- Structure and origins of inductive bias -- Learning from others -- Good questions -- How to never be wrong -- Seeing patterns -- Are we consistent? -- Celestial teapots and flying spaghetti monsters -- Frugal brain -- Language design -- Uses of Randomness -- What makes us smart.
Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press, [2010]
9780801894626 (hardcover ; alkaline paper)
Preface Introduction A American historian / Swiss-American naturalist / American author and educator / Russian Yiddish author and satirist / English science writer and novelist / Irish poet / Duke of Argyll (see George Douglas Campbell) -- English poet and critic / English prime minister / English journalist / B English political theorist / Scottish philosopher / American psychologist / English prime minister / American historian / American editor and satirist / American circus impresario / English naturalist / English geneticist / English suffragist and botanist / American clergyman / English art critic / American novelist / American anthropologist / French philosopher / English philosopher and historian / English social reformer / American poet / German statesman / American anthropologist / English naturalist and science writer / German nature writer / English economist / American philosopher / American clergyman and reformer / Austrian philosopher / English poet / French anatomist and anthropologist / English poet / American essayist and editor / French author and critic / American politician / American poet / English jurist and statesman / German materialist / English historian / English author and science popularizer / English novelist and politician / American botanist and horticulturalist / American naturalist / English historian / English novelist / English clergyman / C American social reformer / Scottish politician and author / Swiss botanist / English woman of letters / English author / English naturalist and physiologist / English author / Spanish politician and president / American novelist / American Unitarian minister / Russian author / English author / English prime minister / Austrian zoologist / French statesman / English mathematician and philosopher / English banker and author / Irish social reformer and animal-rights activist / German biologist / American biologist and eugenicist / American clergyman / American president / American paleontologist / English historian and prelate / Brazilian poet / D American geologist / American author and lawyer / Russian naturalist / Canadian geologist and paleobotanist / Dutch botanist / American philosopher / English novelist / American poet / English prime minister / German zoologist / American novelist and politician / Russian novelist / English author / Russian Jewish historian / Dutch anatomist and paleontologist / German physiologist, and Albert Wigand, German botanist / French philosopher of science / English novelist / French sociologist / E German zoologist / German-American physicist / English novelist / English poet / English sociologist / American philosopher / English critic and poet / German political theorist / English politician and historian / F French entomologist / English physicist / English prelate / Hungarian psychoanalyst / American social philosopher / English author and translator / American novelist / French novelist / American journalist / Italian novelist and senator / English naturalist / English novelist, critic, and editor / English novelist / American clergyman / French novelist / English historian / Austrian psychoanalyst / American poet / G English psychometrician and eugenicist / Indian statesman / American president / American author / American editor and author / African American leader / English novelist / English biologist and social scientist / German anatomist / Scottish geologist / Scottish geologist / French zoologist / French marine biologist / American prelate / French author / English poet and lyricist / American novelist and feminist / English novelist / English prime minister / American novelist / English poet / American paleontologist / Scottish politician and author / American botanist / English historian / American missionary and naturalist / Polish-Austrian sociologist / H Russian Jewish essayist / German zoologist / American mining engineer / English biologist / American psychologist / English novelist and poet / Irish botanist / American plant breeder /
What is induction and why study it? / The development of inductive reasoning / Interpreting asymmetries of projection in children's inductive reasoning / Property generalization as causal reasoning / Availability in category-based induction / From similarity to chance sergey blok / Theory-based bayesian models of inductive reasoning / Use of single or multiple categories in category-based induction / Abductive inference: from philosophical analysis to neural mechanisms / Mathematical induction and induction in mathematics / Induction, deduction and argument strength in human reasoning and argumentation / Individual differences, dual processes, and induction / Taxonomising induction /
Carlyle on Darwin (article, Review and Herald, 1878) -- Evolution and Mrs. White's counsel regarding it during the period 1860-1900 -- Cover photo of the September color edition of Signs of the Times on the question of evolution (Sep 1925) -- God has illuminated human intellects... (quotation from the book, Bible Commentary 7, p. 906) Men and monkeys / Finding may upset theory of evolution / Nine scientists look at religion / The creator of the universe (article, The Sabbath School Worker, 1965) -- God and evolution / From agnosticism to Christ (article, Australasian Record, 1965) -- Letter from Marvin Walter to A. L. White, Nov 1967, about the visit of geologists to Monument Valley The inclination to forget God / Early man: introductory volume in the Life Nature Library (article, Time) -- Rattle over stones and bones / Scientist's blast at rafferty / Our work among the evolutionists / Scientists affirm creation theory (article, Lake Union Herald, 1972) -- Glorious victory or sad mistake? (article, Signs of the Times, 1972) -- A second look at evolution, part 1 / The creationist looks at radioactive dating systems / Protein and probability / The most unique creation story of the Ancient World / Geoscience Research Institute plans expanded program / Secret of nature's beauty / The San Francisco Evolution debates, June 13-14, 1925 / Science and religion: how scientific is evolution? Some basic assumptions of the evolutionary theory are now seen as examples of circular logic / Creation: science and Genesis agree / The Genesis rocks / Some useful quotations (report) -- Let us make man 5-7 / Quotations from the Bible -- Science against Darwin (article, Signs of the Times, 1979) -- Evolution: pretending to understand existence / The amazing universe / The current controversy over origins, part II: Seventh-day Adventists and the creation movement in the United States / The human brain: divine marvel / A disorienting view of God's creation / Defeat for strict creationists / Creationism conference to be held (article, Student Movement, 1986) -- The controversy continues evolution vs. creation / Everyone's genealogical mother / Crisis in the chrysalis: out of dissolution and death comes new life / Is there life in space? / Eden revisited / Mystery in the rocks, part two / Mystery in the rocks, part three / God's answer to evolution / Nothing gold can stay / Energy for action (article) The ascent descent of man / Our Genesis roots / Looking backwards past zero / Those computers are dummies: a physicist's attack riles artificial-intelligence researchers / Adventists and evolution-1 / Iceman: the discovery of a frozen 5,300 year old wanderer - the world's most ancient intact human-stirs passion and controversy and opens a window on life in the Stone Age / The creator speaks to a scientist / Marsh's books appraised by evolutionist (article) -- Evolution, Creation, and the Church in the 70's (article) Is there an historic Adventist position on the interpretation of Genesis 1:1 and 2 / See also referral notes -- Transfer sheet
Princeton, New Jersey : Princeton University Press, [2020]
9780691174075 hardback
I. The Pain and Pleasure of Logic -- 1. Is Logic Boring and Pointless? -- 2. Logic Just for Fun -- II. Lewis Carroll and Aristotelian Logic -- 3. Aristotle's Syllogistic -- 4. The Empuzzlement of Aristotelian Logic -- 5. Sorites Puzzles -- 6. Carroll's Contributions to Mind -- III. Raymond Smullyan and Mathematical Logic -- 7. Liars and Truthtellers -- 8. From Aristotle to Russell -- 9. Formal Systems in Life and Math -- 10. The Empuzzlement of Gödel's Theorems -- 11. Question Puzzles -- IV. Puzzles Based on Nonclassical Logics -- 12. Should "Logics" Be a Word? -- 13. Many-Valued Knights and Knaves -- V. Miscellaneous Topics -- 14. The Saga of the Hardest Logic Puzzle Ever -- 15. Metapuzzles -- 16. Paradoxes -- 17. A Guide to Some Literary Logic Puzzles.
