| Contents |
I. The heritage of ancient times. 1. The Greeks : The Athenians defeat the Persians at Marathon, 490 B.C. ; Pericles tells of the greatness of Athens ; A great Athenian philosopher meets death ; Alexander the Great Hellenizes the Near East -- 2. Rome: republic and early empire : How Rome became a naval power ; Livy describes Hannibal's crossing of the Alps ; The rise of the generals: Marius and Sulla ; The rise of the generals: Julius Caesar ; Augustus harangues the Roman bachelors ; Tacitus assesses Augustus' reign -- 3. Christianity : A second century saint describes Christian worship ; A lay intellectual presents the Christian case -- The death of a Christian martyr: Blandina of Lyons ; A Roman governor is perplexed by the Christians ; The Christians are granted toleration: the Edict of Milan ; The persecuted become the persecutors -- 4. The barbarian invasions : Tacitus describes the Germans ; The Huns force the Visigoths across the Roman frontier ; St. Jerome views the wreckage of the Roman world ; A Roman country gentleman describes life among the barbarians ; A Roman citizen chooses to live among the barbarians -- 5. The age of Justinian : Procopius tells the "inside" story of Justinian and Theodora ; Justinian suppresses the Nika revolt, 532 ; Constantinople celebrates the reconquest of North Africa ; Justinian regulates church discipline and ritual ; Justinian codifies the laws of Rome -- |
|
II. The early middle age. 6. Expansion of the Catholic Christian Church : St. Benedict institutes "a school for the service of God" ; Clovis and the Franks accept Christianity ; St. Augustine begins the conversion of the English ; Irish monasticism invades the continent ; St. Boniface carries Christianity to the Germans beyond the Rhine -- 7. The rise of Islam : A modern biographer evaluates the prophet's character ; Mohammed transmits Allah's messages ; Western Christendom repulses the Moslems: Tours, 732 -- 8. Charlemagne's empire : Einhard writes of the private life and character of Charlemagne ; Charlemagne admonishes the stewards of his estates ; Charlemagne instructs the Missi Dominici ; How Charlemagne raised his army ; European civilization touches bottom -- |
|
III. The high middle age. 9. The Crusades : Pope Urban calls for a crusade, 1095 ; The crusaders capture Jerusalem, 1099 ; Christian power in the Holy Land declines ; A Franciscan missionary reports from China, 1305 -- 10. Economic revival : Godric, the beachcomber, becomes a merchant ; The commune of Laon revolts against its bishop ; The garment cutters of Stendal revise their guild laws ; Lübeck and Hamburg seek mutual protection ; The merchants find inconveniences at the Westminster fair ; St. Thomas Aquinas explains usury and the just price ; A Saracen arranges a sea loan at Marseilles ; The Venetian Senate condemns a cotton monopoly ; A serf gains his freedom -- 11. Consolidation of feudal monarchy in Western Europe : Thomas À Becket is murdered in Canterbury Cathedral ; King John meets the barons at Runnymede ; Magna Carta sets a limit to royal power ; Edward I summons the "Model Parliament" ; Louis IX combines piety with a zeal for justice ; Clericos Laicos forbids royal taxation of the clergy ; Philip IV calls the first estates general -- 12. The church in the high middle age : The Bishop of Cologne proclaims a truce of God ; Henry rejects Gregory's condemnation of lay investiture ; Gregory excommunicates Henry ; Henry seeks absolution at Canossa ; Gregory indicates the scope of papal authority ; St. Francis preaches to the birds ; An inquisitor describes the Albigensian heretics ; The Fourth Lateran Council brings a variety of reforms -- 13. Intellectual life in the high middle age : A papal legate lays down rules for the University of Paris ; A father sends advice to his sons at the University of Toulouse ; The hazing of freshmen is forbidded ; Fernando of Cordova, boy wonder, comes to town ; The city of Ferrara takes action against ignorant teachers, 1443 ; Surgeons practice dissection at Bologna, 1405 ; The wandering student bursts into song ; Peter Abelard recalls his student days ; Abelard introduces the sic et non method ; Roger Bacon praises a fellow scientist -- 14. Literature and art of the high middle age : Roland is slain in battle against the Saracens ; Aucassin searches for Nicolette ; Dante meets Virgil, his guide through the Inferno ; Francesca da Rimini tells her tragic story to Dante ; Europe is seized by a church-building craze ; Abbot Suger rebuilds the Church of St. Denis -- |
|
IV. The late middle age. 15. The growth of national monarchy in England and France : The French crown passes to the Valois House, 1328 ; English forces win a sweeping victory at Crécy, 1346 ; France endures the disastrous year of 1356 ; Joan of Arc testifies at her trial ; England's Parliament assumes greater powers -- 16. Waning prestige and influence of the church : Petrarch deplores the papal court at Avignon ; A modern Catholic historian deplores Petrarch's views ; Chaucer's parson and pardoner represent the best and worst of medieval churchmen ; A witch confesses his worship of the devil ; The imitation of Christ reflects intense Christian piety ; Pope Gregory XI condemns the teachings of John Wycliffe -- 17. Humanism and Renaissance art : Petrarch addresses posterity ; Erasmus satirizes intellectuals ; Pope Julius II appears at the gate of heaven ; Gutenberg invents movable type ; Giotto brings new form and movement to art ; Leonardo da Vinci presents his qualifications for employment ; Machiavelli depicts political realism in the late middle age -- 18. Economic dislocation and the beginnings of overseas expansion : The "foul of death" strikes England, 1349 ; The English peasants rise in futile revolt, 1381 ; The journeymen saddlers of London attempt to organize, 1396 ; Columbus reports to Ferdinand and Isabella on his first voyage ; Henry VII issues letters patent to Cabot for the exploration of North America -- |
|
V. Early modern times. 19. Lutheranism and Calvinism : Luther lays down some fundamental principles of the Reformation ; The lower classes in Germany rebel and are denounced by Luther ; Calvin asserts the Doctrine of Predestination ; Calvin attempts to legislate morality in Geneva ; Luther and Calvin diverge on the nature of the eucharist -- 20. The Protestant Revolt in England : Catherine of Aragon defends herself before the papal legate, 1529 ; Parliament declares the king the only supreme head of the church ; St. Thomas More is beheaded for treason ; A monastery is suppressed and its abbot executed ; Henry VIII closes the door on doctrinal innovation: the Six Articles ; The "invinciple armada" meets disaster -- 21. The Catholic Reformation : A papal commission speaks frankly of church abuses ; A general council leads the way to Catholic revival ; Austerity becomes the keynote at Rome ; Loyola writes an exercise to bring souls to God ; Father Ricci debates with a Chinese minister of the idols -- 22. The Thirty Years' War : An old religious settlement causes trouble in the empire ; German protestants suspect a Jesuit plot ; A defenestration at Prague touches off the war ; The war spreads: the Edict of Restitution, 1629 ; A great German city is put to the sword ; Gustavus Adolphus is killed at Lützen ; The war as seen by a German peasant -- |
|
VI. Power politics and "enlightenment". 23. The age of Louis XIV : Louis XIV instructs his son on the functions of a monarch ; Saint-Simon describes the daily routine of the sun king ; Molière satirizes the medical profession ; Colbert regulates French industry ; Louis XIV revokes the Edict of Nantes, 1685 ; Louis XIV accepts the throne of Spain for his grandson ; A great reign ends, and few mourn -- 24. The English revolutions of the seventeenth century : The difficulties of the early Stuarts: constitutional, religious, financial ; Charles I sacrifices the Earl of Strafford, 1641 ; Charles I invades Parliament to arrest five "rogues" ; Cromwell puts the "barbarous" Irish to the sword, 1650 ; Samuel Pepys describes the Great London Fire, 1666 ; A scapegoat is found for the Great Fire ; England exchanges a Catholic king for a Protestant -- 25. The rise of Russia and Prussia : Peter the Great visits England ; An English engineer describes Peter the Great's Russia ; Catherine the Great tells how she rose to power ; Catherine's will, 1792 ; Crown Prince Frederick is taught Prussian discipline ; The Partition of Poland drives Maria Theresa to "black melancholy" ; 26. The Seven Years' War : Frederick the Great addresses his officers before battle ; The death of the czarina (1762) saves Frederick and Prussia ; The Annual Register praises William Pitt ; A survivor tells of the black hole of Calcutta ; The French lose Quebec, 1759 -- 27. The "Enlightenment" : Montesquieu satirizes throne and altar ; Rousseau tries to reconcile liberty and government ; Voltaire strikes at some favorite targets ; Diderot tells what makes a philosophie -- |
|
VII. Liberal and nationalist upheavals. 28. The French Revolution : The Estates General is transformed into a National Assembly ; The National (constituent) Assembly reconstructs France ; The constitutional monarchy is overthrown, August 10, 1792 ; Terror declared the order of the day ; The convention turns against Robespierre -- 29. Napoleon : Napoleon gives his version of the Coup of Brumaire ; Napoleon proclaims the end of the French Revolution ; Napoleon regulates public opinion ; Fouché organizes the imperial secret police ; Napoleon wins a classic victory: Austerlitz, 1805 ; Metternich draws the portrait of Napoleon -- 30. Reaction and reform, 1815-1832 : Talleyrand gains influence at the Congress of Vienna ; Czar Alexander proposes a holy alliance ; Metternich explains his political faith ; The Carlsbad Decrees mark the conservative triumph in Germany ; Lord John Russell presents the reform bill -- 31. Romanticism and science : Classicism is overthrown by the Romantic revolution ; Byron condemns Napoleonic tyranny and extolls Greek liberty ; Don Carlos visits the tomb of Charlemagne ; Newman describes his early religious beliefs ; Mazzini founds the Young Italy Movement ; Michael Faraday discovers electro-magnetism -- 32. The revolutions of 1848 : The February revolution sweeps away the July monarchy ; King Frederick William IV addresses his beloved Berliners ; Viennese rioters force Metternich's dismissal ; The Milanese rise against Austria ; The tide turns against the revolutionists ; Louis Napoleon Bonaparte introduces himself to French voters ; Louis Napoleon suggests that the French Republic become an empire -- |
|
VIII. Material progress and democratic politics. 33. The Industrial Revolution : Inventors play a leading role in the Industrial Revolution ; James Watt takes a Sunday afternoon stroll ; A surgeon describes sanitary conditions in Manchester ; Robert Owen and Sir Robert Peel report on children in factories ; Malthus views with alarm the rise of population ; The Industrial Revolution is accompanied by an unprecedented population growth ; The Zollverein contributes to Germany's industrial revolution -- 34. The unification of Italy and Germany : Cavour and Napoleon III conspire against Austria ; Garibaldi appeals to the Sicilians ; Bismarck calls for blood and iron ; Bismarck disagrees with the King on peace terms for Austria ; Bismarck "edits" the EMS telegram ; A German empire is proclaimed at Versailles ; Bismarck struggles against the Catholic Church -- 35. Liberalism and democracy in Western Europe and backwardness in Eastern Europe : Gladstone reviews the progress of the working class ; Parnell urges home rule for Ireland ; The Paris commune becomes distorted by Marxist historians ; The French Republic experiences ministerial instability ; The Russian serf looks toward liberation ; Czar Alexander II emancipates the serfs ; An Englishman describes the Sultan of Turkey -- 36. Diplomacy and Imperialism : Bismarck's dual alliance becomes a triple alliance ; France and Russia agree on a military convention ; Stanley finds Livingstone ; Sir Harry Johnston ascends the Cross River ; Kitchener meets Marchand at Fashoda ; Cecil Rhodes presents plans for South African development ; Britons and Boers face a crisis in South Africa -- 37. Science, socialism, and religion in the late nineteenth century : Darwin explains evolution by natural selection ; Darwin links man to lower animals ; Nietzsche invokes the superman ; Karl Marx calls or a Communist revolution ; Pope Pius IX condemns liberalism in The Syllabus of Errors ; The Vatican Council defines papal infallibility ; Leo XIII in Rerum Novarum encourages a Catholic social movement -- |
|
IX. Europe in the twentieth century. 38. World War I and Versailles : A Russian diplomat reviews the Bosnian crisis of 1908 ; Death comes to Archduke Francis Ferdinand at Sarajevo ; The Germans launch a night attack on the western front ; The Soviet of Workers' Deputies appeals to the Russian people ; Lenin and the Bolsheviks overthrow the Kerensky Régime ; The Treaty of Versailles is revealed to the Germans -- 39. The rise of Totalitarianism : Mussolini explains Fascism ; Stalin reveals the purpose of the first five-year plan ; Stalin builds a Communist dictatorship ; Hitler explains national Socialism ; The German people accept Hitler's police state ; The enabling act consolidates Hitler's dictatorship -- 40. Totalitarian aggression : The Great Depression paralyzes Europe and America ; The League of Nations investigates the Mukden incident ; A defender of the republic reviews the Spanish Civil War ; Hitler and Goering seize Austria by telephone ; Chamberlain at Munich seeks to appease Hitler ; Nevile Henderson makes a last attempt to prevent war -- 41. The Second World War : The Maginot line fails to protect France ; Churchill's speeches stiffen British morale ; Roosevelt addresses Congress on the day after Pearl Harbor ; Eisenhower sets the date for the Normandy invasion ; Allied air power destroys German industry and transportation ; The Unesco Preamble expresses the hopes of the world for peace. |
| Subjects (Places) |
Europe -- History -- Sources.
|
| Additional author |
Hodges, Theodore B. (Theodore Burt), 1923- editor.
|
| Bib utility control no. |
1894761 |
|
