Articles

    1. Comments on “Adjusting Lung Cancer Risks for Temporal and Spatial Variations in Radon... 2006

      Tschiersch, Jochen; Haninger, Thomas

      Radiation Research, Vol. 166, Issue 1, p. 120.

      Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

    2. Lung cancer deaths attributable to indoor radon exposure in West Germany 1995

      Steindorf, K; Lubin, J; Wichmann, H E; Becher, H

      International Journal Of Epidemiology, Vol. 24, Issue 3, p. 485.

      There is substantial epidemiological and experimental evidence that exposure to radon at levels found in underground mines can cause lung cancer. Although radon levels measured in homes are normall... Read more

      There is substantial epidemiological and experimental evidence that exposure to radon at levels found in underground mines can cause lung cancer. Although radon levels measured in homes are normally substantially lower, there is concern about the presence of a known lung carcinogen in a residential setting. Using national survey data on radon concentrations in homes in the former West Germany, the proportion and absolute numbers of lung cancer deaths attributable to radon are estimated. As lung cancer risk models derived directly from residential radon studies are not yet available, the risk model developed recently by Lubin et al. from a joint analysis of 11 underground miners' studies is applied. For an estimate of the impact of smoking on radon-attributable lung cancers, three different approaches are used and compared. Our analysis shows that after adjusting for dosimetry differences between mines and homes about 7% of all lung cancer deaths in the western part of Germany may be due to residential radon. This corresponds to a total of about 2000 deaths (95% CI: 500-8200), 400 in females and 1600 in males. Adjusting for the intermediate relationship for smoking and radon, the attributable risk is estimated to be about 4-7% for smokers and 14-22% in non-smokers. Our analysis basically confirms the results of former calculations with regard to the total number of lung cancer deaths attributable to radon in West Germany. However, we show that the standard practice that applies the same model to smokers and non-smokers may result in biased estimates for these groups. Read less

      Journal Article

    3. Residential Radon and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Combined Analysis of 7 North American Case-Control... 2005

      Krewski, Daniel; Lubin, Jay H.; Zielinski, Jan M.; Alavanja, Michael...

      Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), Vol. 16, Issue 2, pp. 137 - 145.

      Background: Underground miners exposed to high levels of radon have an excess risk of lung cancer. Residential exposure to radon is at much lower levels, and the risk of lung cancer with residentia... Read more

      Background: Underground miners exposed to high levels of radon have an excess risk of lung cancer. Residential exposure to radon is at much lower levels, and the risk of lung cancer with residential exposure is less clear. We conducted a systematic analysis of pooled data from all North American residential radon studies. Methods: The pooling project included original data from 7 North American case-control studies, all of which used long-term α-track detectors to assess residential radon concentrations. A total of 3662 cases and 4966 controls were retained for the analysis. We used conditional likelihood regression to estimate the excess risk of lung cancer. Results: Odds ratios (ORs) for lung cancer increased with residential radon concentration. The estimated OR after exposure to radon at a concentration of 100 Bq/m³ in the exposure time window 5 to 30 years before the index date was 1.11 (95% confidence interval = 1.00-1.28). This estimate is compatible with the estimate of 1.12 (1.02-1.25) predicted by downward extrapolation of the miner data. There was no evidence of heterogeneity of radon effects across studies. There was no apparent heterogeneity in the association by sex, educational level, type of respondent (proxy or self), or cigarette smoking, although there was some evidence of a decreasing radon-associated lung cancer risk with age. Analyses restricted to subsets of the data with presumed more accurate radon dosimetry resulted in increased estimates of risk. Conclusions: These results provide direct evidence of an association between residential radon and lung cancer risk, a finding predicted using miner data and consistent with results from animal and in vitro studies. Read less

      Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

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    1. Statistical modelling : proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Statistical Modelling,...

      G.U.H. Seeber ... [and others], editors.

      Hill QA279 .I58 1995 | Book

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    1. NCGDAP: North Carolina Geospatial Data Archiving Project

      North Carolina Legacy Geologic and Topographic Maps Digital Mapping Techniques Workshop 2006. June 11, 2006 NCGDAP Project Overview JISC/NDIIPP Joint Digital Preservation

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