Articles

    1. Evaluation of a low-cost commercially available extraction device for assessing lead... 2013

      Nelson, Clay M; Gilmore, Thomas M; Harrington, James M; Scheckel, Kirk G...

      Vol. 15, Issue 3, pp. 573 - 578.

      The U.S. EPA's in vitro bioaccessibility (IVBA) method 9200.1-86 defines a validated analytical procedure for the determination of lead bioaccessibility in contaminated soils. The method requires t... Read more

      The U.S. EPA's in vitro bioaccessibility (IVBA) method 9200.1-86 defines a validated analytical procedure for the determination of lead bioaccessibility in contaminated soils. The method requires the use of a custom-fabricated extraction device that uses a heated water bath for sample incubation. In an effort to improve ease of use, increase sample throughput, and reduce equipment acquisition and maintenance costs, an alternative low-cost, commercially available extraction device capable of sample incubation via heated air and end-over-end rotation was evaluated. An intra-laboratory study was conducted to compare lead bioaccessibility values derived using the two extraction devices. IVBA values were not statistically different ( α = 0.05) between the two extraction devices for any of the soils ( n = 6) evaluated in this study, with an average difference in mean lead IVBA of 0.8% (s.d. = 0.5%). The commercially available extraction device was able to generate accurate lead IVBA data as compared to the U.S. EPA's expected value for a National Institute of Standards and Technology standard reference material soil. The relative percent differences between high and low IVBA values for each soil, a measure of instrument precision, were also not statistically different ( α = 0.05) between the two extraction devices. The statistical agreement of lead IVBA values observed using the two extraction devices supports the use of a low-cost, commercially available extraction device as a reliable alternative to a custom-fabricated device as required by EPA method 9200.1-86. A low-cost, commercially available soil extraction device was evaluated as an alternative to a custom-fabricated device required by EPA method 9200.1-86 to measure bioaccessible lead in contaminated soil. Read less

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    2. The United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Mercury Measurement Toolkit: An Introduction 2012

      Forte, Reynaldo; Ryan, Jeffrey V; Johnson, Travis P; Kariher, Peter H

      Energy & Fuels, Vol. 26, Issue 8, pp. 4643 - 4646.

      This paper summarizes the key characteristics of the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (U.S. EPA’s) Mercury Measurement Toolkit and the experiences using it to develop emission factor... Read more

      This paper summarizes the key characteristics of the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (U.S. EPA’s) Mercury Measurement Toolkit and the experiences using it to develop emission factors for coal-fired power plants in China, Russia, and South Africa. The U.S. EPA developed and tested a portable mercury sampling and analytical laboratory (the U.S. EPA’s Mercury Measurement Toolkit). The U.S. EPA’s Mercury Measurement Toolkit is designed to efficiently and economically determine speciated mercury emissions on site at coal-fired facilities. The U.S. EPA, working with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and in-country experts, used the U.S. EPA’s Mercury Measurement Toolkit to develop accurate, timely, reliable, and economical mercury measurements. The measurements, when paired with facility operating information (e.g., fuel usage and heat content), were used to calculate mercury emission rates and mass emissions. Additional analyses of solids (e.g., coal and fly ash) yielded estimates of pollution control equipment efficiencies. The U.S. EPA’s Mercury Measurement Toolkit may greatly enhance comprehensive emission inventory development by reducing the time and cost of conducting unit level mercury emissions testing. Read less

      Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

    3. Mining Available Data from the United States Environmental Protection Agency to Support Rapid... 2016

      Cashman, Sarah A; Meyer, David E; Edelen, Ashley N; Ingwersen, Wesley W...

      Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 50, Issue 17, pp. 9013 - 9025.

      Demands for quick and accurate life cycle assessments create a need for methods to rapidly generate reliable life cycle inventories (LCI). Data mining is a suitable tool for this purpose, especiall... Read more

      Demands for quick and accurate life cycle assessments create a need for methods to rapidly generate reliable life cycle inventories (LCI). Data mining is a suitable tool for this purpose, especially given the large amount of available governmental data. These data are typically applied to LCIs on a case-by-case basis. As linked open data becomes more prevalent, it may be possible to automate LCI using data mining by establishing a reproducible approach for identifying, extracting, and processing the data. This work proposes a method for standardizing and eventually automating the discovery and use of publicly available data at the United States Environmental Protection Agency for chemical-manufacturing LCI. The method is developed using a case study of acetic acid. The data quality and gap analyses for the generated inventory found that the selected data sources can provide information with equal or better reliability and representativeness on air, water, hazardous waste, on-site energy usage, and production volumes but with key data gaps including material inputs, water usage, purchased electricity, and transportation requirements. A comparison of the generated LCI with existing data revealed that the data mining inventory is in reasonable agreement with existing data and may provide a more-comprehensive inventory of air emissions and water discharges. The case study highlighted challenges for current data management practices that must be overcome to successfully automate the method using semantic technology. Benefits of the method are that the openly available data can be compiled in a standardized and transparent approach that supports potential automation with flexibility to incorporate new data sources as needed. Read less

      Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

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    1. Environmental administrative decisions : decisions of the United States Environmental Protection...

      Hunt EP 1.130: V.10 2002 | Government publication

    2. Environmental Protection Agency : toxic substances control : general provisions and inventory...

      Hunt EP 1.2:T 66/5 | Book

    3. The Environmental Protection Agency Office of Solid Waste publications.

      Hunt EP 1.104:SO 4 | Government publication

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      -- Officials and employees United States. Extension Service United States. Environmental Protection Agency United States. Entomology Research Division United States. Education Read less

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