Articles

    1. Output from VIP cells of the mammalian central clock regulates daily physiological rhythms 2020

      Paul, Sarika; Hanna, Lydia; Harding, Court; Hayter, Edward A...

      Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1, p. 1453.

      The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) circadian clock is critical for optimising daily cycles in mammalian physiology and behaviour. The roles of the various SCN cell types in communicating timing info... Read more

      The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) circadian clock is critical for optimising daily cycles in mammalian physiology and behaviour. The roles of the various SCN cell types in communicating timing information to downstream physiological systems remain incompletely understood, however. In particular, while vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) signalling is essential for SCN function and whole animal circadian rhythmicity, the specific contributions of VIP cell output to physiological control remains uncertain. Here we reveal a key role for SCN VIP cells in central clock output. Using multielectrode recording and optogenetic manipulations, we show that VIP neurons provide coordinated daily waves of GABAergic input to target cells across the paraventricular hypothalamus and ventral thalamus, supressing their activity during the mid to late day. Using chemogenetic manipulation, we further demonstrate specific roles for this circuitry in the daily control of heart rate and corticosterone secretion, collectively establishing SCN VIP cells as influential regulators of physiological timing. Read less

      Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

    2. William Ronald Edwards Laird 2016

      Walmsley, Damien

      British Dental Journal, Vol. 220, Issue 4, p. 215.

      Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

    3. Design and methods of the MAINTAIN study: A randomized controlled clinical trial of micronutrient... 2010

      Singhal, Neera; Fergusson, Dean; Huff, Harold; Mills, Edward J...

      Contemporary Clinical Trials, Vol. 31, Issue 6, pp. 604 - 611.

      Abstract Micronutrient deficiencies are common in HIV positive persons and are associated with a poorer prognosis, but the role of micronutrient supplementation in the medical management of HIV inf... Read more

      Abstract Micronutrient deficiencies are common in HIV positive persons and are associated with a poorer prognosis, but the role of micronutrient supplementation in the medical management of HIV infection remains controversial, as some but not all studies show immunological and clinical benefit. Micronutrients supplementation could be a relatively low cost strategy to defer the initiation of expensive, potentially toxic and lifelong antiretroviral therapy. The MAINTAIN study is a Canadian multi-center randomized control double blind clinical trial to evaluate if micronutrient supplementation of HIV positive persons slows progression of immune deficiency and delays the need to start antiretroviral therapy and is safe, compared to standard multivitamins. Untreated asymptomatic HIV positive adults will receive a micronutrient and antioxidant preparation (n = 109) or an identical appearing recommended daily allowance multivitamin and mineral preparation (n = 109) for two years. Participants will be followed quarterly and monitored for time from baseline to CD4 T lymphocyte count < 350 mm3 , or emergence of CDC-defined AIDS-defining illness, or the start of antiretroviral therapy. We will also compare safety and health related quality of life between groups. Primary analysis will compare the incidence of the composite primary outcome between study groups and will be by intention-to-treat. The study was originally expected to last three years, with accrual over one year and a minimum of two years follow up of the last enrolled participant. We discuss here the study design and methods, often used for evaluation of complementary and adjunctive treatments for health maintenance in HIV infection, which are common interventions. Read less

      Journal Article  |  Full Text Online

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    1. Cotton spinning and weaving. A practical and theoretical treatise.

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      Special Collections TS1575 .W3 1893 | Book

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      Hunt TS1575 .W3 | Book

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      edited by Peter Sabor, McGill University ...

      Online Resources PR3667 .S255 2017 eb ebook | Book

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    1. Lewis Clarke Alphabetized Annotated Bibliography

      and its two courts would be overly mechanistic and cluttered." Costello, Mrs. Edward D. 1975. Few answers on hospital. In Opinions of our readers. Raleigh Times. August 23. Mrs

      and its two courts would be overly mechanistic and cluttered." Costello, Mrs. Edward D. 1975. Few answers on hospital. In Opinions of our readers. Raleigh Times. August 23. Mrs Read less

    2. Lewis Clarke | Chronological Annotated Bibliography

      ...ay from environments of diurnal activity and nocturnal loneliness" to one–acre lots in "God's own country." This leads to urban sprawl or "terra descratum." More types of people should be involv... Read more

      ...ay from environments of diurnal activity and nocturnal loneliness" to one–acre lots in "God's own country." This leads to urban sprawl or "terra descratum." More types of people should be involved in the concept and planning stages. Includes biographical paragraphs. Clarke, Lewis. 1963. A merchandising aid: Landscape architecture—how it creates an enjoyable shopping atmosphere. Technical Bulletin (Producers Council) 104 (June): 38—41. Main Street has been replaced by enclosed malls where ten percent of space is allocated for public use. This is the "mall," which produces no income but enhances environment where income is produced. Ten percent is what must be designed by landscape architect, mindful that "the mall" sets the shopper at ease, makes the trip an adventure, and is intended to be a weekly experience. Interior amenities are known. Exterior entrances need attention, because shopping centers are usually big boxes with parking lots. "The design should be aligned with stage design to dramatize and symbolize an integration of indoor and outdoors, and not merely to copy the outdoors inside. Thus a new environment without real historical precedent is created." Conclusion: Evident that changing role of shopping center has potential "quite unrealized in today's society." Large–span roof structures and "utilization of good environmental landscape design, integrated with new technological progress can, if guided with sound financial pioneering leadership, make a tremendous contribution to sociological advancement, and enrich the lives of many people." Seven black–and–white photos selected from Northway Mall, Pittsburgh, Pa.; North Star Mall, San Antonio, Tex.; The Mall, Louisville, Ky.; Charlottetown Mall, Charlotte, N.C.; Cherry Hill Shopping Center, Cherry Hill, N.J. Back to Top Clarke, Lewis. [1963] 1964. Theatre and the new main street. In Theatre and Main Street, ed. Donald M. Gooch, 102—7. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan, College of Architecture and Design. Remarks of 26 participants delivered at "Theatre and Main Street," a conference which took place in Ann Arbor, Michigan, March 21 and 22, 1963. Broad in scope, the conference sought theatre's place socially, environmentally, and economically. Clarke's remarks addressed to a subpanel titled, "Theatre as Environment." Asks the question, why has the theatre become divorced from the people? Casts everyday street scenes as backdrops for dramas, but posits that as the Haymarket style of dramas has disappeared so has Main Street. Where have both gone? Enclosed shopping centers are suggested in what may be one of the first written remarks to say so. Includes six of the better black–and–white photos of Cherry Hill Mall interior. Clarke, Lewis. 1967. Green fingers of Raleigh: Oasis in a city. Raleigh Times. January 7. Streams and gullies encircle 1,800 acres of land. Full–page article written while Clarke was professor at NCSU. Describes how the creeks and streams in Raleigh are like green fingers extended from a "wrist" located under the bridge on Highway 1 North at the old Farmer's Market. Praises some developers for building in consideration of what we now call greenways, and laments the disappearance or pollution of others. A call for a green–finger plan that would interconnect all the spaces, fund the Parks Department, and provide inducements to developers who preserve the streams and their surrounding [ecosystems]. "Then perhaps future generations can say that Raleigh citizens of the Sixties thought wisely and acted intelligently to preserve the beauty and productivity of these Capital City Green Fingers so necessary to proper flood control and to man's use of the land." Includes drawing of all the streams overlaid on map of major Raleigh streets. Three black–and–white photos of existing streams. This plan pre–dates Bill Flournoy's greenways plan. Clarke says he gave the idea to Flournoy as a graduate thesis topic. Flournoy is considered the "father" of the greenways of Raleigh. Clarke should be considered the "grandfather." Clarke, Lewis. 1971. The style makers speak: A local style. In Time Life encyclopedia of gardening, ed. James Underwood, 92—93. Alexandria, Virginia: Time Life Books. Editor writes, "Every era creates its style and every style reflects its era. Modern landscape design, mirroring the economics and the mood of its time, rejects ostentation in favor of simplicity, and formality in favor of fitness and function. . . . The American Style these men [Church, Clarke, Guy Green, and Robert Royston] shaped has been influenced by the Japanese in the Northwest and West, by the Spanish in the Southwest: but everywhere it displays a sense of place. In the hands of such style makers of today as Guy Greene, Lewis Clarke, and Robert Royston, who describe their designs on the following pages, the results are as different as the Appalachians and the Arizona desert. Yet each one, true to basic principles established in the gardens of Church, celebrates the natural beauty of the American countryside." Under the heading "Ecological realism," Clarke writes, "The design for Louisiana is not the design for New Hampshire. On the East Coast a concrete patio is not put in front of the living room because it would reflect summer heat; around the San Francisco Bay region the patio would be needed for that very reason. We look for ways in which we can make people more aware of the region in which they live or work. I would like them to say, after we're gone, that nobody was here, that only God did this. I try to harmonize and contrast the varying elements that the five senses perceive so that the result seems to have existed all the time, and to achieve that I use water where appropriate. It is the only garden construction material that possesses movement, sound and great characteristics of lighting reflection and color. So most of our schemes involve an eternal search to emphasize these qualities of water." Color picture and caption: "From a N.C. terrace bordered with dahlias, a brick walk wends through native pines and dogwoods to one of a series of pools that Lewis Clarke calls 'rondos.' He considers water a universal element in diverse landscapes." Additional color picture with caption: "A tiny waterfall punctuates a rock–bordered stream that, on its course toward Clarke's rondos, flows past tall loblolly pines and pampas grass (left), azaleas (center) and liriope (right, background), all indigenous to the Piedmont region. The cypress–sided cabin serves as a woodland retreat for the owner." The owner was J. W. "Willie" York of Raleigh. Back to Top [Clarke, Lewis]. 1973. An auto–oriented plan for a home landscape. Southern Living 8 (7): 104. Residence of Mr. and Mrs. E. G. Dill, Pinehurst, N.C. A design that addressed the problem of how to accommodate guests' automobiles and the new problem of how to incorporate parking space and drive into a residential landscape. Three black–and–white photos show features such as six–foot–wide brick–on–sand walkway and a crape myrtle trimmed in a multi–trunk tree form. The walk, writes Clarke (who is not attributed but did write the article), "has a good beginning and end." Clarke, Lewis. 2005. N.C. State's hard–won open space. In Point of view. News and Observer (Raleigh, NC). March 5. At issue was a proposal to build a replica of Eduardo Catalano's 1950s roof on North Carolina State University's Court of North Carolina, one of the last open spaces on what has become known as the "historic campus." Clarke vehemently opposed disturbing the site, which was "consciously created and preserved by many people during the past 50 years." Clarke calls the roof a "hyperbola," a shape not complementary to the site. The hill on which the structure would be located would "do a grave disservice to such an elegant roof form." The roof was not built because students objected through their channels of complaint and demonstration. Catalano withdrew a rumored $1 million gift to the College of Design. Clarke, Lewis. 2006. A new look. In Letters to the editor. News and Observer (Raleigh, NC). May 28.  A letter to the editor about the design for a new chancellor's residence to be located on Centennial Campus. The style being proposed by Dean Malacha was Palladian. Clarke called for a competition to design a more 21st century residence and grounds. Lewis Clarke Associates. [1968?]. Specifications for School of Design, laboratory garden, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N.C. Design for garden that has since been replaced by a building. Lewis Clarke Associates. 1969. Design and development guide for Palmetto Dunes, Hilton Head Island. NCSU Libraries' Special Collections Research Center's copy inscribed "To Dean Kamphoefner with appreciation and Best Wishes Dec 69. Lewis Clarke." Back to Top Lewis Clarke Associates. 1974. Development guide, North Carolina Zoological Park: A concept of environmental involvement. N.C. Zoological Authority. Building Committee. Development guide prepared for the North Carolina Zoological Authority through its Building Committee, in conjunction with the planning team of J. Hyatt Hammond Associates, Inc., Lewis Clarke Associates, and the Ecological Park Staff. II. Works about Lewis Clarke and Lewis Clarke Associate... Read less

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