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RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, ethyl benzoylacetate, CAS registry number 94-02-0.
Api AM;Belsito D;Botelho D;Bruze M;Burton GA Jr;Cancellieri MA;Chon H;Dagli...
Academic Journal Academic Journal | Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8207483 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6351 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02786915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE Please log in to see more details
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they h... more
RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, ethyl benzoylacetate, CAS registry number 94-02-0.
Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8207483 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6351 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02786915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome. RIFM staff are employees of the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc. (RIFM). The Expert Panel receives a small honorarium for time spent reviewing the subject work.

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Registries - Risk Assessment - Benzoates chemistry - Benzoates toxicity - Acetates chemistry - Acetates toxicity - Odorants - Perfume chemistry - Perfume toxicity

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Sniffing Out the Sustainable Future: The Renewability Revolution in Fragrance Chemistry.
Elterlein F;Bugdahn N;Kraft P
Academic Journal Academic Journal | Publisher: Wiley-VCH Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 9513783 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1521-3765 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09476539 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Chemistry Subsets: MEDLINE Please log in to see more details
In this review, the impact of the transition from today's resource-wasting petrochemic... more
Sniffing Out the Sustainable Future: The Renewability Revolution in Fragrance Chemistry.
Publisher: Wiley-VCH Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 9513783 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1521-3765 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09476539 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Chemistry Subsets: MEDLINE
In this review, the impact of the transition from today's resource-wasting petrochemical economy towards a 100/100 renewable and biodegradable future is discussed with respect to the fragrance families: "citrus", "green", "fruity", "floral", "floriental", "oriental", "woody", "chypre" and "fougère". After benchmark data on ingredients usage, definitions on biodegradation and sustainability are given. Celebrating the 150 th anniversary of synthetic vanillin, its historic synthesis from renewable starting materials serves as introduction. In the grand scheme of things, citrus scents upcycled from the beverages industry, are already an ideal case for 100/100 with new opportunities for artificial essential oils. In the fruity domain, transparent and lactonic ingredients are available in a sustainable manner. However, in the domain of green odorants, there is a lack of green chemistry for important key materials. In the floral family, renewability is more critical than biodegradability, but cost is an issue. Thanks to Ambrox and maltol, florientals and orientals will persist, while woody notes severely lack an Iso E Super replacer. In the chypre genre, patchouli became the new moss, but more musks are increasingly in demand. With their high percentage of linalool and dihydromyrcenol, the construction of fougères could well become a precedent for other families, despite challenges in vetiver and salicylates. Still, the challenges exemplified here create immense opportunities for new perfumery materials.
(© 2024 Symrise AG. Chemistry - A European Journal published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

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Humans - Odorants - Perfume chemistry

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Complexity of the Male Perfume of Eulaema nigrita from Forest and Woody Physiognomies of the Brazilian Savanna: Is There a Relationship with Body Size and Wing Wear?
Palmera-Castrillon K;Junqueira CN;Toci AT;Augusto SC
Academic Journal Academic Journal | Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101189728 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1678-8052 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1519566X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neotrop Entomol Subsets: MEDLINE Please log in to see more details
Male orchid bees collect volatile and semi-volatile compounds from the environment for... more
Complexity of the Male Perfume of Eulaema nigrita from Forest and Woody Physiognomies of the Brazilian Savanna: Is There a Relationship with Body Size and Wing Wear?
Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101189728 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1678-8052 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1519566X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neotrop Entomol Subsets: MEDLINE
Male orchid bees collect volatile and semi-volatile compounds from the environment for storage and accumulation in specialized hind legs. Later, these compounds form a perfume blend used during courtship to lure conspecific females for mating. Male orchid bees perfume has been suggested to play an important role as a sexual signaling trait involved in pre-mating isolation of species, functioning as an indicator of male genetic quality. Eulaema nigrita Lepeletier (Apidae: Euglossini) is a common species in both forested and woody savanna (Cerrado stricto sensu) physiognomies of the Brazilian savanna biome. By identifying the chemical composition of male E. nigrita perfume, we tested for differences in the bouquet chemical profile in populations from remnants of seasonal semideciduous forest and woody savanna. In addition, we assessed the relation between perfume complexity and morphological traits associated with size and age of males. Our analysis showed a low effect of physiognomies on differences in the perfume chemical profile of sampled males. Nevertheless, we observed significant differences in the chemical profile of individuals from two seasonal semideciduous forest remnants, which suggests an environmental effect in individual bouquet. Wing wear measurements were positively related to perfume complexity, consistent with the premise that perfumes from older individuals are indicators of survival capacity in male orchid bees.
(© 2024. Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil.)

Subject terms:

Humans - Female - Bees - Male - Animals - Grassland - Brazil - Physiognomy - Forests - Body Size - Perfume

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Perfumes, splashes & colognes : discovering & crafting your personal fragrances / Nancy M. Booth.
Book | 1997
Available at Available USU Eastern Library, Books (Call number: TP983 .B66 1997)
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USU Eastern Library, Books TP983 .B66 1997 Available

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Fragrances as a trigger of immune responses in different environments.
Macchione M;Yoshizaki K;Frias DP;Maier K;Smelan J;Prado CM;Mauad T
Academic Journal Academic Journal | Publisher: Pergamon Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8712158 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-3177 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08872333 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Toxicol In Vitro Subsets: MEDLINE Please log in to see more details
Fragrances can cause allergic skin reactions, expressed as allergic contact dermatitis... more
Fragrances as a trigger of immune responses in different environments.
Publisher: Pergamon Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8712158 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-3177 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08872333 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Toxicol In Vitro Subsets: MEDLINE
Fragrances can cause allergic skin reactions, expressed as allergic contact dermatitis and reactions in the respiratory tract that range from acute temporary upper airway irritation to obstructive lung disease. These adverse health effects may result from the stimulation of a specific (adaptive) immune response. Th1 cells, which essentially produce interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), play a key role in allergic contact dermatitis and also on allergic sensitization to common allergens (e.g., nickel and fragrance). It has been shown that fragrance allergy leads to Th2/Th22 production of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, controlling the development of IgE and mediating hypersensitivity reactions in the lung, such as asthma. Cytokines released during immune response modulate the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYPs) proteins, which can result in alterations of the pharmacological effects of substances in inflammatory diseases. The mechanisms linking environment and immunity are still not completely understood but it is known that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a sensor with conserved ligand-activated transcription factor, highly expressed in cells that controls complex transcriptional programs which are ligand and cell type specific, with CYPs as targeted genes. This review focuses on these important aspects of immune responses of the skin and respiratory tract cells, describing some in vitro models applied to evaluate the mechanisms involved in fragrance-induced allergy.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Subject terms:

Humans - Odorants - Ligands - Cytokines genetics - Immunity - Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology - Perfume toxicity

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Perfumes, cosmetics, and soaps / W. A. Poucher.
Book | 1974 -
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Call No. a asgen UUS MCLIBRARY MCLGENERAL TP983 .P723
Location Merrill-Cazier
Holdings vol. 2
Available at Available Merrill-Cazier Books (4th Floor North) (Call number: TP983 .P723 V.2)

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Do hypoallergenic skincare products contain fewer potential contact allergens?
Hiranput S;McAllister L;Hill G;Yesudian PD
Academic Journal Academic Journal | Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7606847 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2230 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03076938 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Exp Dermatol Subsets: MEDLINE Please log in to see more details
Personal care products (PCPs) commonly cause allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Skinca... more
Do hypoallergenic skincare products contain fewer potential contact allergens?
Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7606847 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2230 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03076938 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Exp Dermatol Subsets: MEDLINE
Personal care products (PCPs) commonly cause allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Skincare companies often market their products as 'hypoallergenic'; however, this term is not regulated by industry standards. To determine whether PCPs marketed as hypoallergenic are truly less likely to precipitate ACD, we conducted a study of ingredients found in 'hypoallergenic PCPs' from two major UK retailers in 2022. Of 208 products meeting the inclusion criteria, 153 (73.6%) contained at least 1 allergen or related chemical from the British Society for Cutaneous Allergy baseline series, 21 (10.1%) had 2 potential allergens and 4 PCPs (1.9%) had 3 allergens. Cetearyl alcohol was the most common -allergen identified in leave-on PCPs and parabens in rinse-off products; fragrance was the most frequent related chemical found in 85 PCPs (40.1%). A high prevalence of common allergens was found in hypoallergenic PCPs, suggesting that dermatologists and consumers should be cautious of product ingredients.
Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
(© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of British Association of Dermatologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Subject terms:

Humans - Allergens adverse effects - Patch Tests adverse effects - Dermatitis, Allergic Contact epidemiology - Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology - Cosmetics - Perfume - Dermatitis, Atopic complications

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Formulary of perfumes and cosmetics. Translated from the French.
Book | 1959
Available at Available Merrill-Cazier Books (4th Floor North) (Call number: TP983 .G38 1959)

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Mass-Spectrometry-Based Research of Cosmetic Ingredients.
Serb AF;Georgescu M;Onulov R;Novaconi CR;Sisu E;Bolocan A;Sandu RE
Academic Journal Academic Journal | Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 100964009 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1420-3049 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14203049 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Molecules Subsets: MEDLINE Please log in to see more details
Cosmetic products are chemical substances or mixtures used on the skin, hair, nails, t... more
Mass-Spectrometry-Based Research of Cosmetic Ingredients.
Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 100964009 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1420-3049 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14203049 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Molecules Subsets: MEDLINE
Cosmetic products are chemical substances or mixtures used on the skin, hair, nails, teeth, and the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, whose use is intended to clean, protect, correct body odor, perfume, keep in good condition, or change appearance. The analysis of cosmetic ingredients is often challenging because of their huge complexity and their adulteration. Among various analytical tools, mass spectrometry (MS) has been largely used for compound detection, ingredient screening, quality control, detection of product authenticity, and health risk evaluation. This work is focused on the MS applications in detecting and quantification of some common cosmetic ingredients, i.e., preservatives, dyes, heavy metals, allergens, and bioconjugates in various matrices (leave-on or rinse-off cosmetic products). As a global view, MS-based analysis of bioconjugates is a narrow field, and LC- and GC/GC×GC-MS are widely used for the investigation of preservatives, dyes, and fragrances, while inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-MS is ideal for comprehensive analysis of heavy metals. Ambient ionization approaches and advanced separation methods (i.e., convergence chromatography (UPC 2 )) coupled to MS have been proven to be an excellent choice for the analysis of scented allergens. At the same time, the current paper explores the challenges of MS-based analysis for cosmetic safety studies.

Subject terms:

Allergens analysis - Preservatives, Pharmaceutical - Mass Spectrometry - Coloring Agents - Cosmetics chemistry - Perfume analysis - Metals, Heavy

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Perfumes, cosmetics & soaps : with especial reference to synthetics / by William A. Poucher.
Book | 1936 -
Available at Available Merrill-Cazier Books (4th Floor North) (Call number: TP983 .P7 1936B)

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Age-dependent perfume development in male orchid bees, Euglossa imperialis.
Henske J;Eltz T
Academic Journal Academic Journal | Publisher: Company Of Biologists Limited Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0243705 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1477-9145 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00220949 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Exp Biol Subsets: MEDLINE Please log in to see more details
Male neotropical orchid bees concoct complex perfume blends by collecting exogenous vo... more
Age-dependent perfume development in male orchid bees, Euglossa imperialis.
Publisher: Company Of Biologists Limited Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0243705 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1477-9145 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00220949 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Exp Biol Subsets: MEDLINE
Male neotropical orchid bees concoct complex perfume blends by collecting exogenous volatiles from various sources, including orchids. These perfumes, stored in specialized hind-leg pouches and released during courtship, serve as inter-sexual signals. It has been hypothesized that male perfumes honestly indicate aspects of male fitness. If perfume traits such as quantity or complexity increase over individual lifetime, perfumes could reflect age (survival) and cumulative foraging success of males. We conducted a two-season mark-recapture study with Euglossa imperialis in Costa Rica, monitoring the balance of perfume uptake and expenditure over individual male lifetime. We sealed one hind-leg pouch upon initial capture, 'freezing' the perfume status on one side, and compared it with the other side at recapture to assess changes in perfume traits over time. Additionally, we used a novel method to estimate individual age by combining two parameters of wing degradation. Contrary to predictions, young to intermediate-aged bees had the highest quantities of perfume and the highest diversity of detected compounds. At the same time, the change in perfume between recaptures was positive (increase in amount and complexity) in young bees, whereas it was neutral to negative in older bees. Although these findings do not disprove an indicator function of male perfume, they shift the emphasis to non-cumulative fitness components such as sensory acuteness or cognitive capacity as likely targets of selection. Females preferring strong perfume signals in mates would maximize speed of foraging in offspring rather than their lifetime cumulative yield.
Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests.
(© 2024. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.)

Subject terms:

Female - Bees - Male - Animals - Species Specificity - Courtship - Perfume

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RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl ethyl ether, CAS Registry Number 67583-77-1.
Api AM;Bartlett A;Belsito D;Botelho D;Bruze M;Bryant-Freidrich A;Burton GA ...
Academic Journal Academic Journal | Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8207483 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6351 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02786915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE Please log in to see more details
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they h... more
RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl ethyl ether, CAS Registry Number 67583-77-1.
Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8207483 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6351 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02786915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome. RIFM staff are employees of the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc. (RIFM). The Expert Panel receives a small honorarium for time spent reviewing the subject work.

Subject terms:

Odorants - Ethyl Ethers - Ethers - Registries - Risk Assessment - Ether - Perfume toxicity

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RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, methyl vanillate, CAS Registry Number 3943-74-6.
Api AM;Belsito D;Botelho D;Bruze M;Burton GA Jr;Cancellieri MA;Chon H;Dagli...
Academic Journal Academic Journal | Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8207483 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6351 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02786915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE Please log in to see more details
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they h... more
RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, methyl vanillate, CAS Registry Number 3943-74-6.
Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8207483 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6351 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02786915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome. RIFM staff are employees of the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc. (RIFM). The Expert Panel receives a small honorarium for time spent reviewing the subject work.

Subject terms:

Risk Assessment - Consumer Product Safety - Odorants - Vanillic Acid analogs & derivatives - Perfume toxicity

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RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 5-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde, CAS registry number 13679-70-4.
Api AM;Bartlett A;Belsito D;Botelho D;Bruze M;Bryant-Freidrich A;Burton GA ...
Academic Journal Academic Journal | Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8207483 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6351 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02786915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE Please log in to see more details
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they h... more
RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 5-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde, CAS registry number 13679-70-4.
Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8207483 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6351 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02786915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome. RIFM staff are employees of the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc. (RIFM). The Expert Panel receives a small honorarium for time spent reviewing the subject work.

Subject terms:

Risk Assessment - Consumer Product Safety - Odorants - Perfume toxicity - Aldehydes - Thiophenes

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RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, isoeugenyl benzyl ether, CAS Registry Number 120-11-6.
Api AM;Bartlett A;Belsito D;Botelho D;Bruze M;Bryant-Freidrich A;Burton GA ...
Academic Journal Academic Journal | Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8207483 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6351 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02786915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE Please log in to see more details
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they h... more
RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, isoeugenyl benzyl ether, CAS Registry Number 120-11-6.
Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8207483 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6351 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02786915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome. RIFM staff are employees of the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc. (RIFM). The Expert Panel receives a small honorarium for time spent reviewing the subject work.

Subject terms:

Odorants - Ethyl Ethers - Ethers - Registries - Risk Assessment - Ether - Perfume toxicity

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The handbook of great Italian perfumery : fifty years of exceptional scents / Marika Vecchiattini.
Book | 2020
Available at Available Merrill-Cazier Books (2nd Floor South) (Call number: GT 2342 .I8 V43 2020)

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Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, pentyl benzoate, CAS Registry Number 2049-96-9.
Api AM;Bartlett A;Belsito D;Botelho D;Bruze M;Bryant-Freidrich A;Burton GA ...
Academic Journal Academic Journal | Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8207483 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6351 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02786915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE Please log in to see more details
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they h... more
Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, pentyl benzoate, CAS Registry Number 2049-96-9.
Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8207483 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6351 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02786915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Chem Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome. RIFM staff are employees of the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc. (RIFM). The Expert Panel receives a small honorarium for time spent reviewing the subject work.

Subject terms:

Odorants - Benzoates toxicity - Perfume toxicity

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